The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad (Sanskrit: माण्डूक्य उपनिषद्; IAST: Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad) is the shortest of all the Upanishads, and is assigned to Atharvaveda.[1] It is listed as number 6 in the Muktikā canon of 108 Upanishads.[2]
It is in prose, consisting of twelve short verses, and is associated with a Rig Vedic school of scholars.[1] It discusses the syllable Aum; presents the theory of four states of consciousness; and asserts that Aum is Brahman – which is the Whole – and that Brahman is this self (ātman).[3][4]
The Mandukya Upanishad is notable for having been recommended in the Muktikā Upanishad, presented by two of the most important characters of the Ramayana, Rama and Hanuman, as the one Upanishad that alone is sufficient for knowledge to gain moksha, and as sixth in its list of ten principal Upanishads.[2] The text is also notable for inspiring Gaudapada's Mandukya Karika a classic for the Vedanta school of Hinduism.[2] The Mandukya Upanishad is among the often cited texts on chronology and the philosophical relationship between Hinduism and Buddhism.[5][6]
^ abCite error: The named reference pauldeussenintro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcPaul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 2, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814691, pages 556-557
^Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 2, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120814691, pages 605-637
^Hume, Robert Ernest (1921), The Thirteen Principal Upanishads, Oxford University Press, pp. 391–393
^Nakamura 2004, p. 284-286.
^Comans 2000, p. 97.
and 27 Related for: Mandukya Upanishad information
The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad (Sanskrit: माण्डूक्य उपनिषद्; IAST: Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad) is the shortest of all the Upanishads, and is assigned to Atharvaveda. It...
Upanishads, influential to various schools of Hindu philosophy. These include the Mundaka Upanishad, the MandukyaUpanishad and the Prashna Upanishad...
— Mundaka Upanishad 2.2.2 – 2.2.4 Adi Shankara, in his review of the Mundaka Upanishad, states Om as a symbolism for Atman (Self). The MandukyaUpanishad opens...
Advaita Vedanta tradition. Parts of the first chapter that include the MandukyaUpanishad have been considered a valid scriptural source by the Dvaita and Vishistadvaita...
several Upanishads and explicated in Gaudapada's Mandukya Karika. Turiya as 'the fourth' is referred to in a number of principal Upanishads. One of the...
the Katha Upanishad chronologically after Brihadaranyaka, Chandogya, Isha, Taittiriya, Aitareya and Kena, but before Mundaka, Prasna, Mandukya, Svetasvatara...
Buddha's date of birth. The Kena, Mandukya, and Isa Upanishads are typically placed after these Principal Upanishads, but other scholars date these differently...
chronologically lists Shvetashvatara Upanishad after MandukyaUpanishad, but before and about the time the Maitri Upanishad, the first Buddhist Pali and Jaina...
before other prose Upanishads such as Prasna, Maitri, Mandukya and all post-Vedic era Upanishads. Winternitz, suggests that Isha Upanishad was probably a...
Principal Upanishads, also known as Mukhya Upanishads, are the most ancient and widely studied Upanishads of Hinduism. Composed between 800 BCE to the...
(pre-6th century BCE), but before Katha, Mundaka, Prasna, Mandukya, Svetasvatara and Maitri Upanishads, as well as before the earliest Buddhist Pali and Jaina...
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (Sanskrit: बृहदारण्यक उपनिषद्, romanized: bṛhadāraṇyaka upaniṣad) is one of the Principal Upanishads and one of the first...
appearing in all the Upanishads, including the earliest Chandogya and Brihadaranyaka Upanishads, and expounded upon in the MandukyaUpanishad. Another divergence...
Advaita first occurs in a recognizably Vedantic context in the prose of MandukyaUpanishad. According to Frits Staal, a professor of philosophy specializing...
contain mystical and philosophical material that constitutes Aranyakas and Upanishads. Each Veda has one or more of its own Brahmanas, and each Brahmana is...
suggests an earlier date, placing Prashna along with Maitri and MandukyaUpanishads, as texts that probably emerged about early fourth century BCE. Jayatilleke...
The Taittirīya Upanishad (Devanagari: तैत्तिरीय उपनिषद्) is a Vedic era Sanskrit text, embedded as three chapters (adhyāya) of the Yajurveda. It is a...
(primary) Upanishad, and is listed as number 5 in the Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads of Hinduism. It is among the most widely translated Upanishads. It is...
half 5th century,) and the Māndūkya-kārikā written by Gauḍapāda (7th century). Later scholarship added the Sannyasa Upanishads to the earliest known corpus...
along with his modes i.e. Jivas and Jagat. 2. ayam ātmā brahma from MandukyaUpanishad 1.2 Translated literally, this means the Self is Brahman. From the...
some other part transcendent to it, as well. Hindu texts like the MandukyaUpanishad speak of the undivided one which became the universe. Many ancient...
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (Root Verses on Madhyamaka) Gaudapada's Māṇḍukya Kārikā (on the MāṇḍukyaUpanishad) Bhavaviveka's Madhyamakahṛdayakārikā (Verses on the Heart...
Shanti Mantra recited in Taittiriya Upanishad, Katha Upanishad, MandukyaUpanishad and Shvetashvatara Upanishad. The motto translates to 'Let our study...
with Maitri and MandukyaUpanishads, as texts that probably emerged about early fourth century BCE. Phillips dates Prashna Upanishad as having been composed...
Brahman." - Taittiriya Upanishad 1.8.1 "The Self is of the nature of the Syllable Om...Meditate on Om as the Self" - MandukyaUpanishad 1.8.12, 2.2.3) "The...
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