Lupo II[1] (died 778) is the third-attested historical duke of Gascony (dux Vasconum or princeps[2]), appearing in history for the first time in 769. His ancestry is subject to scholarly debate.[3]
In 769, a final rising of the Aquitanians against Charlemagne and Carloman was put down and the rebel, Hunald II, was forced to flee to the court of Lupo in Gascony. Lupo had thitherto been his ally, lending him Gascon troops.[4] Lupo, however, did not desire to bring down upon himself the wrath of the Frankish kings and handed Hunald, along with his wife, over to Charlemagne. He himself did homage for his province, recognising Charlemagne's suzerainty.[5]
Lupo may have been a Basque, but perhaps a Frank or Roman (Aquitanian). The name Lupo ("wolf", otsoa in Basque) is a well-attested totemic first name and surname widely spread across the whole Basque ethnic area in the early Middle Ages. He may have been a royal appointment of Pepin III (in 768),[6] but he may have been elected duke by the people. The extent of his territory is unknown. He may have ruled all of Aquitaine after 769, but that is not likely. His Gascony did border the Agenais and its northern border seems to have been the Garonne.[7] Bordeaux was not under his control, but that of a separate line of Carolingian-appointed counts.[8] His power may or may not have extended to the Pyrenees, but the trans-Pyrenean Basques were also under Carolingian suzerainty, as seen by Einhard's reference to Basque perfidia (treachery) at Roncesvalles. This region may have been part of Lupo's realm.[9] Lupo has nevertheless been implicated by some historians in the ambush of Roland.[10]
He died probably in 778.[11] His relationship to the previous dukes of Aquitaine-Vasconia and his successors is unclear. If he is to be regarded as related to subsequent Gascon dukes, which seems reasonable on the basis of patronymics, a genealogy can easily be constructed.[12] He was the father of Sancho, Seguin, Centule and García (Garsand). All of his sons ruled Gascony at one time or another, except García, who died in battle with Berengar of Toulouse in 819.[13] He may have had another son named Adalric, who was active in the reign of Chorso of Toulouse.
^His name has many variants in other languages: Basque: Otsoa, French: Loup, Gascony: Lop, Latin: Lupus, Spanish: Lobo or Lope. It is the basis of the patronymic López. It may have been a Latinisation of the Basque word for "wolf", otso. However, it is an acceptable Latin or Frankish name in its own right (see Lupus).
^"Astronomus", Vita Hludovici.
^Lupo is frequently said to be related to dukes Odo the Great and Hunald I of Aquitaine. However, this is based on the spurious Charte d'Alaon. This discredits much of Monlezun's research.
^Lewis, p 26.
^Einhard.
^Collins, p 110.
^Lewis, p 28.
^Lewis, p 38.
^Collins, p 121, disagrees. As does Lacarra, pp 14 – 20, who separates Aquitaine, Gascony, the Narbonensis, and the Spanish Basque Country.
^Lewis, p 38.
^Collins, p 128. Estornés. FMG gives 775.
^Collins, p 130.
^Collins, p 129.
and 25 Related for: Lupus II of Gascony information
Lupo II (died 778) is the third-attested historical duke ofGascony (dux Vasconum or princeps), appearing in history for the first time in 769. His ancestry...
fled to LupusIIofGascony and was handed over to Charlemagne. Eudes (1032–1039) Bernat II (1039–1052) After 1053, the title of duke ofGascony was held...
started a dynasty, since the next-known duke ofGascony was LupusII (fl. 769). Lupus was probably the successor of Felix, whose duchy seemed to encompass almost...
been a son ofLupusII. This is especially likely if the early dukes ofGascony are to be regarded as related. Sancho first appears (as Lupus Sancho) in...
that the abundance of Gascon (Basque) troops among Waiofar's forces stems from an unrecorded alliance with Duke LupusIIofGascony; in the same way he...
(Gascony) and LupusII's authority by (re-)establishing counties. Seguin was appointed count in Bordeaux, possibly from a rival family of duke LupusII. He may...
Aquitaine to his younger brother Charibert II. This subkingdom, consisting ofGascony and the southern fringe of Aquitaine proper, is conventionally known...
(587–589) Sereus (589–592) Chlothar II (592–629) Charibert II (629–632) Chilperic (632) Boggis (632–660) Felix (660–670) Lupus I (670–676) Odo the Great (688–735)...
rebels, and returns to Burgundy. Hunald, duke of Aquitaine, is forced to flee to the court ofGascony. LupusII, fearing Charlemagne, turns Hunald over in...
or Lupus I of Aquitaine, Duke ofGascony and part of Aquitaine in the 670s Lupo IIofGascony (died 778), Duke ofGascony Lupo III Centule ofGascony, Duke...
following Childeric's death in 675. Lupus is often considered a protégé of Felix, to whom the latter delegated Gascony, and who eventually succeeded him...
garrison of 1,700 men. Lupus I, duke ofGascony, is assassinated in his attempt to seize Limoges (France). Eudes becomes ruler over both Gascony and Aquitaine...
captured by the Gascon Adalric and made to swear an oath of allegiance to the Duke ofGascony, LupusII. This was the reason for his dismissal upon his release...
Sunifred II, Count of Barcelona. Flodoard gives this duke as Lupus Aznar Vasco, but Lewis, 184n, takes this as a reference to a duke ofGascony named Sánchez...
Lupo IIofGascony (died 778) Lope (film), a 2010 film Lope de Vega (horse), an Irish bred Thoroughbred racehorse Lope language, a Loloish language of China...
constituted out of the dowry of Faquilène, an Aquitainian princess, for her husband Donatus Lupus I, the son ofLupus III ofGascony.[citation needed]...
Odo's father: Boggis or Bertrand, or Duke Lupus I. According to the spurious Charte d'Alaon, Hubertus was one of Odo's brothers. Odo succeeded to the ducal...
invaded Gascony to put down a rebellion ofLupus III Centule, as recorded by both the Annales regni Francorum and the Vita Hludowici. By 820, Gascony was...
Adalric, and made to swear an oath of allegiance to the Duke of Gascony, LupusII. Upon his release Charlemagne replaced him with his Frankish cousin William...
who made him swear an oath of allegiance to the Duke ofGascony, LupusII. Upon his release, Charlemagne, at the diet of Worms (790), replaced him with...
of Vasconia as well as the Duchy of Aquitaine by the Carolingians would lead to a rebellion, led by Lupo IIofGascony. Pepin the Short launched a punitive...
Toulouse. In 781, Charlemagne set up the Kingdom of Aquitaine, comprising the whole of Aquitaine (including Gascony) plus the Mediterranean coast from Narbonne...
relinquish Gascony to Philip as a sign of submission in his capacity as the duke of Aquitaine. In return, Philip would forgive Edward and restore Gascony after...
Global Information