Louis the Pious information

Louis the Pious
Louis the Pious
Emperor of the Romans
	Louis the Pious, contemporary depiction from 826 as a miles Christi (soldier of Christ), with a poem of Rabanus Maurus overlaid. Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica, Codex Reg. lat 124, f.4v
Emperor of the Carolingian Empire
Reign	813–840
Coronation	11 September 813; 5 October 816
Predecessor	Charlemagne
Successor	Lothair I
King of the Franks
Reign	814–840
Predecessor	Charlemagne
Successor	Lothair I as King of; Middle Francia; Louis the German as King of East Francia; Charles the Bald as King of West Francia;
King of Aquitaine
Reign	781–814
Predecessor	Charlemagne as; King of the Franks
Successor	Pepin I
Born	16 April 778; Cassinogilum
Died	20 June 840 (aged 61–62); Ingelheim
Burial	Abbey of Saint-Arnould
Spouses	Ermengarde of Hesbaye; Judith of Bavaria
Issue	Lothair I; Pepin of Aquitaine; Louis the German; Gisela; Charles the Bald;
House	Carolingian
Father	Charlemagne
Mother	Hildegarde
Religion	Chalcedonian Christianity

Louis the Pious^[d] (Latin: Hludowicus Pius; German: Ludwig der Fromme; French: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840),^[2] also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position that he held until his death except from November 833 to March 834, when he was deposed.

During his reign in Aquitaine, Louis was charged with the defence of the empire's southwestern frontier. He conquered Barcelona from the Emirate of Córdoba in 801 and asserted Frankish authority over Pamplona and the Basques south of the Pyrenees in 812. As emperor, he included his adult sons, Lothair, Pepin and Louis, in the government and sought to establish a suitable division of the realm among them. The first decade of his reign was characterised by several tragedies and embarrassments, notably the brutal treatment of his nephew Bernard of Italy for which Louis atoned in a public act of self-debasement.

In the 830s his empire was torn by civil war between his sons that was only exacerbated by Louis's attempts to include his son Charles by his second wife in the succession plans. Though his reign ended on a high note, with order largely restored to his empire, it was followed by three years of civil war. Louis is generally compared unfavourably to his father but faced distinctly different problems.^[3]

^ Einhard; Stammerer, Notker the (2013). "Chronology". Two Lives of Charlemagne. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-14-139410-7.
^ Latin: Ludovicus or Hludowicus Pius, German: Ludwig der Fromme, French: Louis le Pieux or Louis le Débonnaire, Italian: Ludovico il Pio, Spanish: Luis el Piadoso or Ludovico Pío.
^ Ganshof, F. L. (1957). "Louis the Pious Reconsidered". History. 42 (146). JSTOR: 171–180. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1957.tb02281.x. JSTOR 24403332.

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[1] Einhard; Stammerer, Notker the (2013). "Chronology". Two Lives of Charlemagne. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-14-139410-7.

[6] Latin: Ludovicus or Hludowicus Pius, German: Ludwig der Fromme, French: Louis le Pieux or Louis le Débonnaire, Italian: Ludovico il Pio, Spanish: Luis el Piadoso or Ludovico Pío.

[7] Ganshof, F. L. (1957). "Louis the Pious Reconsidered". History. 42 (146). JSTOR: 171–180. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1957.tb02281.x. JSTOR 24403332.

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Louis the Pious
Emperor of the Romans
Louis the Pious, contemporary depiction from 826 as a miles Christi (soldier of Christ), with a poem of Rabanus Maurus overlaid. Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica, Codex Reg. lat 124, f.4v
Emperor of the Carolingian Empire
Reign	813–840^[a]
Coronation	11 September 813^[b] 5 October 816^[c]
Predecessor	Charlemagne
Successor	Lothair I
King of the Franks
Reign	814–840
Predecessor	Charlemagne
Successor	Lothair I as King of Middle Francia Louis the German as King of East Francia Charles the Bald as King of West Francia
King of Aquitaine
Reign	781–814
Predecessor	Charlemagne as King of the Franks
Successor	Pepin I

Born	16 April 778 Cassinogilum
Died	20 June 840(840-06-20) (aged 61–62) Ingelheim
Burial	Abbey of Saint-Arnould
Spouses	Ermengarde of Hesbaye Judith of Bavaria
Issue	Lothair I Pepin of Aquitaine Louis the German Gisela Charles the Bald
House	Carolingian
Father	Charlemagne
Mother	Hildegarde
Religion	Chalcedonian Christianity

Carolingian dynasty

Pippinids Pippin the Elder (c. 580–640) Grimoald (616–656) Childebert the Adopted (d. 662)
Arnulfings Arnulf of Metz (582–640) Ansegisel (d. 662 or 679) Chlodulf of Metz (d. 696 or 697) Pepin of Herstal (635–714) Grimoald II (d. 714) Drogo of Champagne (670–708) Theudoald (d. 741)
Carolingians Charles Martel (686–741) Carloman (d. 754) Pepin the Short (714–768) Carloman I (751–771) Charlemagne (742–814) Pepin the Hunchback (768–811) Charles the Younger (772–811) Pepin of Italy (773–810) Louis the Pious (778–840) Pepin I of Aquitaine (797–838)
After the Treaty of Verdun (843) Lothair I, Holy Roman Emperor (795–855; Middle Francia) Charles the Bald (823–877) (West Francia) Louis the German (804–876) (East Francia)
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