Lordship of Ireland information

Lordship of Ireland
*Dominium Hiberniae* (Latin)
*Seygnurie de Hirlaunde* (Norman)
*Tiarnas na hÉireann* (Irish)
Lordship of Ireland Dominium Hiberniae (Latin); Seygnurie de Hirlaunde (Norman); Tiarnas na hÉireann (Irish)
1177–1542
	Flag Coat of arms1
	The Lordship of Ireland (pink) in 1300.
Status	Papal possession held in fief by the King of England
Capital	Dublin2
Common languages	English; Old Norman (widely used in administration, courts and government until the early 12th century); Latin (widely used in administrative and liturgical purposes); Anglo Norman (used as an administrative language and by Hiberno-Norman elite till end of the 14th into 15th century); Irish; Fingallian (from the 15th century); Yola (from the 15th century);
Religion	Roman Catholic
Government	Feudal monarchy
Lord
• 1177–1216	John (first)
• 1509–1542	Henry VIII (last)
Lord Lieutenant
• 1177–1181	Hugh de Lacy (first)
• 1529–1534	Henry FitzRoy (last)
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	House of Lords
• Lower house	House of Commons
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Established	May 1177
• Crown of Ireland Act	June 1542
Currency	Irish pound
ISO 3166 code	IE
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Gaelic Ireland
Kingdom of Ireland
Today part of	Republic of Ireland; United Kingdom Northern Ireland; ;
	1A commission of Edward IV into the arms of Ireland found these to be the arms of the Lordship. The blazon is Azure, three crowns in pale Or, bordure Argent. Typically, bordered arms represent the younger branch of a family or maternal descent.; 2Although Dublin was the capital, parliament was held in other towns at various times.

The Lordship of Ireland (Irish: Tiarnas na hÉireann), sometimes referred to retrospectively as Anglo-Norman Ireland, was the part of Ireland ruled by the King of England (styled as "Lord of Ireland") and controlled by loyal Anglo-Norman lords between 1177 and 1542. The lordship was created following the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169–1171. It was a papal fief, granted to the Plantagenet kings of England by the Holy See, via Laudabiliter. As the Lord of Ireland was also the King of England, he was represented locally by a governor, variously known as the Justiciar, Lieutenant, Lord Lieutenant or Lord Deputy.

The kings of England claimed lordship over the whole island, but in reality the king's rule only ever extended to parts of the island. The rest of the island – referred to subsequently as Gaelic Ireland – remained under the control of various Gaelic Irish kingdoms or chiefdoms, who were often at war with the Anglo-Normans.

The area under English rule and law grew and shrank over time, and reached its greatest extent in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. The lordship then went into decline, brought on by its invasion by Scotland in 1315–18, the Great Famine of 1315–17, and the Black Death of the 1340s. The fluid political situation and Norman feudal^[3] system allowed a great deal of autonomy for the Anglo-Norman lords in Ireland, who carved out earldoms for themselves and had almost as much authority as some of the native Gaelic kings. Some Anglo-Normans became Gaelicised and rebelled against the English administration. The English attempted to curb this by passing the Statutes of Kilkenny (1366), which forbade English settlers from taking up Irish law, language, custom and dress. The period ended with the creation of the Kingdom of Ireland in 1542.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

^ Perrin, WG; Vaughan, Herbert S (1922), British Flags. Their Early History and their Development at Sea; with an Account of the Origin of the Flag as a National Device, Cambridge, ENG, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 51–2.
^ Chambers's Encyclopædia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge, 1868, p. 627, The insignia of Ireland have variously been given by early writers. In the reign of Edward IV, a commission appointed to enquire what were the arms of Ireland found them to be "three crowns in pale". It has been supposed that these crowns were abandoned at the Reformation, from an idea that they might denote the feudal sovereignty of the pope, whose vassal the king of England was, as lord of Ireland.
^ "The Norman Feudal System". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.

[4] Perrin, WG; Vaughan, Herbert S (1922), British Flags. Their Early History and their Development at Sea; with an Account of the Origin of the Flag as a National Device, Cambridge, ENG, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp. 51–2.

[5] Chambers's Encyclopædia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge, 1868, p. 627, The insignia of Ireland have variously been given by early writers. In the reign of Edward IV, a commission appointed to enquire what were the arms of Ireland found them to be "three crowns in pale". It has been supposed that these crowns were abandoned at the Reformation, from an idea that they might denote the feudal sovereignty of the pope, whose vassal the king of England was, as lord of Ireland.

[6] "The Norman Feudal System". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.

Lordship of Ireland information

and 27 Related for: Lordship of Ireland information

Lordship of Ireland

History of Ireland

Kingdom of Ireland

Duke of Ireland

Coat of arms of Ireland

Monarchy of Ireland

Ireland

British rule in Ireland

Normans in Ireland

List of Irish kingdoms

Gaelic Ireland

Lord Deputy of Ireland

British Isles

Church of Ireland

Monarchy of the United Kingdom

List of High Kings of Ireland

Northern Ireland

The Pale

Tudor conquest of Ireland

City status in Ireland

Kingdom of Leinster

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

County Kerry

Lordship of Meath

Bruce campaign in Ireland

House of Tudor

Cromwellian conquest of Ireland