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Long Walk of the Navajo information


Long Walk of the Navajo
Part of the Navajo Wars
Navajo people photographed during the Long Walk
LocationSouthwestern United States
Attack type
Forced displacement
Deaths2,500–3,500 deaths during march and internment (1864–1868)[1][2]
VictimsNavajo people
PerpetratorsU.S. Federal Government, U.S. Army
MotiveSettlers acquisition of Navajo lands and forced cultural assimilation of Navajo people

The Long Walk of the Navajo, also called the Long Walk to Bosque Redondo (Spanish: larga caminata del navajo), was the deportation and ethnic cleansing[3][4] of the Navajo people by the United States federal government and the United States army. Navajos were forced to walk from their land in western New Mexico Territory (modern-day Arizona) to Bosque Redondo in eastern New Mexico. Some 53 different forced marches occurred between August 1864 and the end of 1866. In total, 10,000 Navajos and 500 Mescalero Apache were forced to the internment camp in Bosque Redondo.[2] During the forced march and internment, up to 3,500 people died from starvation and disease over a 4 year period. In 1868, the Navajo were allowed to return to their ancestral homeland following the Treaty of Bosque Redondo.[1] Some anthropologists state that the "collective trauma of the Long Walk...is critical to contemporary Navajos' sense of identity as a people".[5][6]

  1. ^ a b M. Annette Jaimes (1992). The State of Native America: Genocide, Colonization, and Resistance. p. 34. South End Press
  2. ^ a b "Naaltsoos Sání and the Long Walk Home". IN CUSTODIA LEGIS Law Librarians of Congress. Library of Congress. June 18, 2018. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  3. ^ Anderson, Gary C. Ethnic Cleansing and the Indian: The Crime that Should Haunt America. The University of Oklahoma Press. Oklahoma City, 2014.
  4. ^ Lee, Lloyd ed. Navajo Sovereignty. Understandings and visions of the Diné People. University of Arizona Press: Tucson, 2017.
  5. ^ Csordas, Thomas J. (February 1999). "Ritual Healing and the Politics of Identity in Contemporary Navajo Society". American Ethnologist. 26 (1). Blackwell Publishing on behalf of the American Anthropological Association: 3–23. doi:10.1525/ae.1999.26.1.3. JSTOR 647496.
  6. ^ Burnett, John (June 14, 2005). "The Navajo Nation's Own 'Trail Of Tears'". NPR, All Things Considered. Retrieved July 30, 2012.

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