Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides information
Lithium ion battery cathode material
Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides (abbreviated NMC, Li-NMC, LNMC, or NCM) are mixed metal oxides of lithium, nickel, manganese and cobalt with the general formula LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2. These materials are commonly used in lithium-ion batteries for mobile devices and electric vehicles, acting as the positively charged cathode.
A general schematic of a lithium-ion battery. Lithium ions intercalate into the cathode or anode during charging and discharging.
There is a particular interest in optimizing NMC for electric vehicle applications because of the material's high energy density and operating voltage. Reducing the cobalt content in NMC is also a current target, owing to ethical issues with cobalt mining and the metal's high cost.[1] Furthermore, an increased nickel content provides more capacity within the stable operation window.[2]
^Warner, John T. (2019-01-01), Warner, John T. (ed.), "Chapter 8 - The materials", Lithium-Ion Battery Chemistries, Elsevier, pp. 171–217, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814778-8.00008-9, ISBN 978-0-12-814778-8, S2CID 239383589, retrieved 2023-04-02
^Oswald, Stefan; Gasteiger, Hubert A. (2023-03-01). "The Structural Stability Limit of Layered Lithium Transition Metal Oxides Due to Oxygen Release at High State of Charge and Its Dependence on the Nickel Content". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 170 (3): 030506. Bibcode:2023JElS..170c0506O. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/acbf80. ISSN 0013-4651. S2CID 258406065.
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