List of primary urban areas in England by population information

This is a list of primary urban areas in England ordered by population, based on data from the United Kingdom Census 2001: it has not been revised with data from the United Kingdom Census 2011 and does not appear to be any longer in use.

The concept of a primary urban area was introduced by HM Government for statistical and macro-planning purposes and given the shorthand title of 'city'. In reality, a PUA may contain multiple settlements, even multiple cities. It should not be confused with 'urban areas' or 'built-up areas' that are more rigorously defined by the Office for National Statistics – or even city status.

Historically, the boundaries of cities within England and the United Kingdom as a whole have remained largely undefined,^{[citation needed]} leading to difficulties in comparisons between them. However, a definitive list of cities in the United Kingdom, which in itself would constitute a type of definition known as an Extensional definition (specifically, an enumerative definition) does exist,^[1] though it does not define the limits of these cities. To allow such comparisons to be made the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, in conjunction with other Government departments, began compiling reports and a database to allow comparison of the English cities. This report is known as the State of the English Cities Report^[2] and was maintained by the Department for Communities and Local Government.

Using this definition the term "city" is used as a primary urban area, which is distinct from the Office for National Statistics urban area agglomerations, with a total population in excess of 125,000.^[3] The population figures are based on the cumulative total population of the constituent wards. This list is not the same as the list of local authorities which have been granted city status and is intended to define the physical extent of the largest urban centres. These are available from the State of the Cities Database.^[4]

However, some controversy arose when using these terms, for example the Manchester PUA contains the City of Manchester and also includes that of the City of Salford which is a metropolitan borough and has held city status since 1926. The inclusion of the City of Wolverhampton and the Black Country in the Birmingham PUA also led to a meeting of the West Midlands group of MPs where their displeasure was made clear to David Miliband, then the minister in charge.^{[citation needed]} This inclusion of Wolverhampton demonstrates differences between PUAs and the Eurostat equivalent, where Wolverhampton has its own larger urban zone.^[5]^[6]^[7]

In addition, some^[who?] found controversial the use of the term 'city' to describe primary urban areas such as Aldershot, Blackburn, Burnley, Bolton, Chatham, Mansfield, Milton Keynes, Reading, Rochdale and Southend since these have not been granted letters patent and are therefore formally towns.

Rank	Primary urban area	Population (2001 census)	County (traditional)	Constituent local authorities^[8]	LUZ name	LUZ size	LUZ EU rank
1	London	8,294,058	Middlesex, Surrey, Kent, Essex and Hertfordshire	Greater London, Epping Forest, Broxbourne, Dacorum, Three Rivers, Watford, Dartford, Gravesham, Elmbridge, Epsom and Ewell, Mole Valley, Runnymede, Spelthorne and Woking	London	12,208,100	1
2	Birmingham	2,293,099	Warwickshire, Worcestershire and Staffordshire	Cities of Birmingham and Wolverhampton, Metropolitan Boroughs of Dudley, Walsall, Sandwell and Solihull	Birmingham	2,284,093	21
3	Manchester	1,741,961	Lancashire and Cheshire	Cities of Manchester and Salford; Metropolitan Boroughs of Tameside, Trafford, Bury, Oldham and Stockport	Manchester	2,732,854	23
4	Liverpool	830,112	Merseyside	Liverpool, Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley and Metropolitan Borough of St Helens	Liverpool	1,365,900	41
5	Leeds	750,700	Yorkshire	Leeds	Leeds	1,499,465	37
6	Sheffield	551,800	Yorkshire	Sheffield and Rotherham	Sheffield	1,277,100	46
7	Teesside	472,200	County Durham and Yorkshire	Includes Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland and Stockton-on-Tees	n/a	n/a	n/a
8	Bristol	428,234	Gloucestershire and Somerset	Bristol	Bristol	1,006,600	64
9	Bournemouth and Poole	382,536	Dorset	Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole	n/a	n/a	n/a
10	Stoke-on-Trent	360,810	Staffordshire	Includes the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme and Kidsgrove	n/a	n/a	n/a
11	Leicester	329,600	Leicestershire	Leicester, Blaby and Oadby and Wigston	Leicester	887,000	75
12	Wirral	331,232	Cheshire	Wirral, Birkenhead and Ellesmere Port and Neston	Liverpool	1,365,900	41
13	Coventry	316,900	Warwickshire	Coventry	Coventry	651,000	97
14	Nottingham	303,900	Nottinghamshire	Nottingham	Nottingham	825,600	82
15	Bradford	293,717	Yorkshire	Metropolitan Borough of Bradford	Leeds	1,499,465	37
16	Newcastle	279,100	Northumberland	Newcastle Upon Tyne	Newcastle Upon Tyne	1,055,600	59
17	Bolton	277,300	Lancashire	Metropolitan Borough of Bolton	Manchester	2,732,854	23
18	Brighton and Hove	273,400	Sussex	Brighton and Hove	n/a	n/a	n/a
19	Plymouth	256,384	Devon	Plymouth	n/a	n/a	n/a
20	Hull	256,100	Yorkshire	Kingston upon Hull	Kingston upon Hull	573,300	113
21	Preston	252,209	Lancashire	Includes the towns of Leyland and Chorley	n/a	n/a	n/a
22	Derby	248,700	Derbyshire	Derby	Nottingham	825,600	82
23	Aldershot and Farnborough	248,208	Hampshire, Surrey and Berkshire	Includes the towns of Aldershot, Badshot Lea, Blackwater, Camberley, Deepcut, Farnborough, Farnham, Frimley, Sandhurst and Yateley	n/a	n/a	n/a
24	Southampton	239,700	Hampshire	Southampton	n/a	n/a	n/a
25	Wigan	237,360	Lancashire	Metropolitan Borough of Wigan	n/a	n/a	n/a
26	Barnsley	211,807	Yorkshire	Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley	Leeds	1,499,465	37
27	Portsmouth	205,400	Hampshire	Includes the towns of Gosport, Waterlooville, Havant, Fareham and Portchester	n/a	n/a	n/a
28	Luton	203,600	Bedfordshire	Luton & Dunstable	n/a	n/a	n/a
29	York	202,400	Yorkshire	York	n/a	n/a	n/a
30	Northampton	200,092	Northamptonshire	Northampton	n/a	n/a	n/a
31	Milton Keynes	186,949	Buckinghamshire	Milton Keynes	n/a	n/a	n/a
32	Worthing	182,817	Sussex	Worthing, part of Adur, part of Arun. All the towns in the Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton conurbation are split into two PUA's, Brighton and Worthing	n/a	n/a	n/a
33	Ipswich	180,000	Suffolk	Includes the towns of Felixstowe and Woodbridge	n/a	n/a	n/a
34	Crawley	179,987	Sussex	Reigate and Banstead and Crawley	n/a	n/a	n/a
35	Sunderland	177,739	County Durham	Sunderland, Tyne and Wear	Newcastle Upon Tyne	1,055,600	59
36	Southend-on-Sea	174,300	Essex	Southend-on-Sea	n/a	n/a	n/a
37	Rochdale	166,932	Lancashire	Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale	Manchester	2,732,854	23
38	Warrington	163,479	Cheshire	Includes the town of Great Sankey	Chester	1,365,900	41
39	Mansfield	158,496	Nottinghamshire	Ashfield and Mansfield	Nottingham	825,600	82
40	Swindon	155,970	Wiltshire	Swindon	n/a	n/a	n/a
41	Reading	155,300	Berkshire	Reading, Berkshire	n/a	n/a	n/a
42	Blackburn	147,700	Lancashire	Blackburn with Darwen	n/a	n/a	n/a
43	Burnley	146,419	Lancashire	Burnley and Pendle	n/a	n/a	n/a
44	Huddersfield	146,234	Yorkshire	Kirklees	Leeds	1,499,465	37
45	Oxford	145,095	Oxfordshire	Oxford	n/a	n/a	n/a
46	Wakefield	144,654	Yorkshire	Wakefield	Leeds	1,499,465	37
47	Blackpool	142,100	Lancashire	Blackpool	n/a	n/a	n/a
48	Norwich	140,100	Norfolk	Norwich & Broadlands	n/a	n/a	n/a
49	Grimsby	139,458	Lincolnshire	North East Lincolnshire	Kingston upon Hull	573,300	113
50	Telford	139,071	Shropshire	Telford and Wrekin	n/a	n/a	n/a
51	Peterborough	136,963	Cambridgeshire	Peterborough	n/a	n/a	n/a
52	Gloucester	135,845	Gloucester	Gloucestershire	n/a	n/a	n/a
53	Cambridge	131,144	Cambridgeshire	Cambridge	n/a	n/a	n/a
54	Doncaster	127,851	Yorkshire	Doncaster	n/a	n/a	n/a
55	Hastings	125,524	Sussex	Hastings	n/a	n/a	n/a

^ Department of Constitutional Affairs webpage defining cities. Retrieval Date: 22 July 2007
^ "State of the English Cities Report". Department for Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2007-07-21.
^ "State of the English Cities (city definition, see 2.3.5)" (PDF). Department for Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2007-07-21.
^ "State of the Cities Database (population figures)". Department for Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original on 2007-07-06. Retrieved 2007-07-21.
^ "Urban Audit Analysis II" (PDF). Eurostat. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-30. Retrieved 2008-10-05.
^ "European Regional and Urban Statistics" (PDF). Eurostat. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-30. Retrieved 2008-10-05.
^ "Urban Audit - City Profiles: Wolverhampton". Urban Audit. Archived from the original on 2008-06-26. Retrieved 2008-10-05.
^ State of the Cities Report; Part 2 Archived 2007-09-05 at the UK Government Web Archive

[1] Department of Constitutional Affairs webpage defining cities. Retrieval Date: 22 July 2007

[2] "State of the English Cities Report". Department for Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2007-07-21.

[3] "State of the English Cities (city definition, see 2.3.5)" (PDF). Department for Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2007-07-21.

[4] "State of the Cities Database (population figures)". Department for Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original on 2007-07-06. Retrieved 2007-07-21.

[5] "Urban Audit Analysis II" (PDF). Eurostat. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-30. Retrieved 2008-10-05.

[6] "European Regional and Urban Statistics" (PDF). Eurostat. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-30. Retrieved 2008-10-05.

[7] "Urban Audit - City Profiles: Wolverhampton". Urban Audit. Archived from the original on 2008-06-26. Retrieved 2008-10-05.

[8] State of the Cities Report; Part 2 Archived 2007-09-05 at the UK Government Web Archive

List of primary urban areas in England by population information

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