This is a list of monarchs of Timor since the 17th century. Timor was traditionally divided into a large number of small kingdoms whose monarchs were variously known as liurais, rajas, regulos, na'i, etc. They were drawn into the colonial spheres of the Dutch East India Company and Portugal from the 17th century onwards. The succession of the individual kingdoms is only partly known from the existing literature. After the achieving of Indonesian independence the kingdoms in West Timor were phased out and eventually abolished in about 1962. In Portuguese East Timor the kingdoms (reinos) lost much of their functions after 1912, although they have persisted as ritual domains until the present.
There were many chiefdoms on Timor, but according to the hierarchy among the Timorese domains, the ruler of Sonbai of West Timor, the ruler of Wehali of Central Timor, and the ruler of Likusaen (today: Liquiçá) of East Timor were three paramount rulers of Timor.[1]
^Hägerdal, Hans (2007). "Rebellions or factionalism? Timorese forms of resistance in an early colonial context, 1650-1769". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 163 (1): 8. ISSN 0006-2294.
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