This is a list of all nine extant species of megaherbivores, with a brief description for each. Elephants, rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses, and giraffes are all included in this list. They are ordered in descending order, from the largest species to the smallest.[1]
^'Wildlife' Review. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 1989.
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species of terrestrial megaherbivores living in Africa and Asia. The African bush elephant is the largest extant species. Extantmegaherbivores are keystone...
Edgeofexistence.org (12 November 2010) Owen-Smith, R. Norman, Megaherbivores: The Influence of Very Large Body Size on Ecology. Cambridge University Press...
of Wildlife Management. 41 (4): 740–745. doi:10.2307/3799999. JSTOR 3799999. Male weight range, from Table 1. Owen-Smith, R. Norman, Megaherbivores:...
The Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) is one of three extant recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, native to mainland Asia. The species...
curve downward from a linear fit.) Megaherbivores eventually attained a body mass of over 10,000 kg. The largest of these, indricotheres and proboscids...
largest extant species of rhinoceros. It has a wide mouth used for grazing and is the most social of all rhino species. The white rhinoceros consists of two...
continentality hypotheses. Megaherbivores have prospered at other times of continental climate. For example, megaherbivores thrived in Pleistocene Siberia...
species native to the Indian subcontinent. It is the second largest extant species of rhinoceros, with adult males weighing 2.07–2.2 tonnes and adult females...
and camelids of Nearctic origin. Native South American forms made up about 75% of these species. However, none of these megaherbivores has survived....
Gondwanan origin. South America's 22 extant genera compares with 10 in Central America, 1 in North America north of Mexico, 52 in Australia, 28 in New Guinea...
maximum rainfall occurred just before the transformation of the rangelands that supported megaherbivores into widespread wetlands that supported herbivore-resistant...
the domestic cat (Felis catus). The 41 extant Felidae species exhibit the greatest diversity in fur patterns of all terrestrial carnivores. Cats have retractile...
Säilä, L. K.; Xie, G. (2011). "Out of Tibet: Pliocene woolly rhino suggests high-plateau origin of Ice Age megaherbivores". Science. 333 (6047): 1285–1288...
(PDF) on 12 September 2008. Owen-Smith, R. Norman (1992). Megaherbivores: The Influence of Very Large Body Size on Ecology. Cambridge University Press...
describe a new assemblage of mammal fossils from the Pleistocene site Cauca (Venezuela), including fossils of xenarthran megaherbivores, gomphotheres and equids...
PMC 2850923. PMID 20383328. Owen-Smith, R. Norman (1992). Megaherbivores: The Influence of Very Large Body Size on Ecology. Cambridge University Press...
ISBN 978-0-19-953509-5. Hansford, J.P. et al. (2021). Simultaneous extinction of Madagascar's megaherbivores correlates with late Holocene human-caused landscape transformation...
1-11. Hansford, J.P. et al. (2021). Simultaneous extinction of Madagascar's megaherbivores correlates with late Holocene human-caused landscape transformation...
10 tonnes (22,000 lb). As with other megaherbivores, including the extinct sauropod dinosaurs, the large size of proboscideans likely developed to allow...
vertebrates found in the area, and shared its habitat with other dinosaurian megaherbivores, as well as large theropods and crocodylomorphs. Remains thought to...
crepuscular. They are classified as megaherbivores and consume up to 150 kg (330 lb) of plant matter per day. Around 50 to 75% of the day is devoted to eating...
extant adult lissamphibians. There are, however, many larval and a few adult amphibians which take significant plant matter: At least two species of siren...
isotope analysis of the diet of two introduced Australian megaherbivores to understand Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions". Journal of Biogeography. 37...
2018. Gill, Jacquelyn L. (2014-03-01). "Ecological impacts of the late Quaternary megaherbivore extinctions". New Phytologist. 201 (4): 1163–1169. doi:10...
"Cranial biomechanics of Diplodocus (Dinosauria, Sauropoda): testing hypotheses of feeding behavior in an extinct megaherbivore". Naturwissenschaften...
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