List of birds of the United States Minor Outlying Islands information
The critically endangered Laysan duck is found at Midway Atoll
This is a list of birds of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. This area consists of Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean and Navassa Island in the Caribbean Sea.
The two areas between them have recorded 236 species. Of them, 24 have been recorded at both Navassa Island and at least one of the Pacific Ocean entities and 49 have been found only on Navassa Island. Of the 236, 123 are rare or accidental at one or both of the areas. Three species are endemic, one is extinct, two have been extirpated, and nine were introduced by humans.[1][2]
The Wake Island rail was a species endemic to Wake Island, but it is now extinct. The Laysan duck is endemic to the Northwest Hawaiian Islands (which includes Midway Atoll — Midway Atoll is part of the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, not the state of Hawaii). The endemic and critically endangered Nihoa finch was extirpated from Midway Atoll.[3]
This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (English and scientific names) are those of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2019 edition.[3]
The following tags are used to designate some species. Unless noted otherwise, the species has been recorded only in the Pacific Ocean entities.
(A) Accidental – occurrence based on one or two (rarely more) records and unlikely to occur regularly
(E) Extinct – a species which no longer exists
(Ex) Extirpated – a species which no longer occurs in this list's area, but other populations still exist elsewhere
(I) Introduced – a species established solely as result of direct or indirect human intervention
(En) Endemic – a native species found only in this list's area
(Nav) Navassa – a species recorded only on Navassa Island
(Both) Both – a species recorded in both a Pacific Ocean entity and Navassa Island
^Lepage, Denis (December 22, 2019). "Checklist of Birds of U.S. Minor Outlying Islands (Pacific)". Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
^Lepage, Denis (November 10, 2019). "Checklist of Birds of Navassa". Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
^ abClements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved August 15, 2019.
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