List of South American folk music traditions information
This is a list of folk music traditions, with styles, dances, instruments and other related topics. The term folk music can not be easily defined in a precise manner; it is used with widely varying definitions depending on the author, intended audience and context within a work. Similarly, the term traditions in this context does not connote any strictly-defined criteria. Music scholars, journalists, audiences, record industry individuals, politicians, nationalists and demagogues may often have occasion to address which fields of folk music are distinct traditions based along racial, geographic, linguistic, religious, tribal or ethnic lines, and all such peoples will likely use different criteria to decide what constitutes a "folk music tradition". This list uses the same general categories used by mainstream, primarily English-language, scholarly sources, as determined by relevant statements of fact and the internal structure of works.
These traditions may coincide entirely, partially or not at all with geographic, political, linguistic or cultural boundaries. Very few, if any, music scholars would claim that there are any folk music traditions that can be considered specific to a distinct group of people and with characteristics undiluted by contact with the music of other peoples; thus, the folk music traditions described herein overlap in varying degrees with each other.
Country
Elements
Dance
Instrumentation
Other topics
Afro-Colombian[1]
champeta
contradanza
currulao
mazurka
polka
drum
marimba
shaker
Argentina[2][3][4][5]
baguala
chamamé
cifra
folklorica
milonga
payada
tango
tonada
tunga-tunga[6]
vidala
zamba
bataclán
chamamé
chacarera
chaya
cuarteto
cueca
gato
malambo
milonga
tango
zamba
accordion
bandoneón
flute
guitar
guitarrón
harp
piano
violin
candombe
compadrito
lunfardo
Aymara[7][8]
bombo
cajas
charango
pinkillu
pitu
qina
siku
tarka
wankara
Bolivia[5]
taquirari
Tinku
diablada
saya
bailecito
cueca
huayñitos
Brazil[5][9][10][11][12]
boi
Capoeira song
choro
frevo
literatura de cordel
maracatu
modinha
repentismo
samba
baião
batuque
bloco
Capoeira
carimbó
cururu
xote
vanerão fandango
forró
jongo
kankuku
lundu
maxixe
modinha
muñeres
samba
xango
agogô
atabaque
berimbau
cavaquinho
clarinet
cuíca
pandeiros
piano
reco-recos
sanfona
surdos
tamborim
triangle
viola
violão
Candomblé
Carnival
escolas de samba
Chile[5][13]
chocolate
cueca
periconas
sirillas
tras trasera
valses chilotes zamacueca
guitar
Chilean guitarrón
harp
tambourine
hand-clapping
Colombia[1][5][14][15]
cumbia
bullerengue
cumbiamba
puya
lumbalú
mapalé
paseo
porro
tambora
son palenquero
puya vallenata
son vallenato
merengue vallenato
paseo vallenato
bambuco
pasillo
vals
danza
rajaleña
rumba campesina
guabina
sanjuanero
torbellino
currulao
juga
makerulle
porro chocoano
contradanza
andarele
aguabajo
tonada
pasaje
contrapunteo
copla
golpe
pajarillo
llanera
corrido
galerón
joropo
mento
calypso
reggae
bambuco
sanjuanero
cumbia
currulao
joropo
porro
accordion
bandola
bandolin
bass drum
bombardino
bombo
caja
capacho
carrizo
clarinet
cuatro
cymbal
flauto de millo
gaita
guacharaca
guache
guachos
harp
marimba
marimbula
pito
saxophone
snare drum
tambor hembra
tambor macho
tambora
tiple
trumpet
tuba
Ecuador[8][13][14]
albazo
pasillo
pasacalle
tonada
yarawi
vals
currulao
andarele
bomba del chota
capishka
currulao
bombo
marimba
panpipe
rondador
pinkillu
bomba
requinto
Andean[16]
wayñu
marinera
rasgueado
vals criollo
yaraví
carnavalito
punchay kashwa
ayñu
incaico
sayas
Andean harp
cajón
charango
guitarra
mandolin
panpipe
qina
tinya
vihuela
violin
Indigenismo
payadore
Kallawaya[13]
k'antu
arca
ira
ch'inisku
wankara
zampona
Peru[5]
alcatraz
festejo
landó
marinera
tondero
vals
cajón
guitar
bass
bugle
Quechua[8][13][17]
sanjuan
vacación
ayñu
sanjuan
antara
charango
harp
qina
violin
guitar
drum
golpeador
matrimonio
misai
wawa velorio
Sirionó[18]
None
Suyá[19]
akía
rattle
Uruguay[20]
candombe
milongón
murga
chamarrita
tango
serranera
candombe
uruguayan polka
pericón
tango
chotis
gato
piano (drum)
chico
repique
uruguayan guitarrón
bass drum
snare drum
cymbals
acoustic guitar
accordion
Carnival
party
tradition
llamadas
tamboriles
rural tasks
nostalgia
romanticism
Venezuela[5][13][21]
Calypso de El Callao
Fulía
gaita
llanera
parranda
sangeo
aguinaldo
Galerón
Malagueña
Punto
Venezuelan bambuco
Venezuelan work songs
joropo
merengue
polo
tamunangue
Venezuelan waltz
Venezuelan polka
culoepuya
cuatro
furruco
harp
mandolin
maraca
mina
quitiplas
tambor
bandola
Dancing Devils of Yare
Llanero
Paraguay
guaranía
Paraguayan polka
Chamamé
Paraguayan polka
harp
Guitar
Accordion
^ abBurton, Kim, "El Sonido Dorado" in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 372–385
^Manuel, Popular Musics, pp. 59–60
^Peiro, Teddy and Jan Fairley, "Vertical Expression of Horizontal Desire", and Fairley's "Dancing Cheek to Cheek", both in the Rough Guide to World Music, pgs. 304–314 and 315–316
^Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 190
^ abcdefgWorld Music Central Archived 2006-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
^Though Fairley's essay places cuarteto and its tunga-tunga rhythm, and the modern folklorica trend, in a folk music context, their description indicates that all three topics are a largely modern subject, and may be more closely associated with popular than folk music.
^Turino, pp. 239–240
^ abcFairley, Jan, "Beyond the Ponchos", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 273–288
^Manuel, Popular Musics, p. 64
^Turino, pp. 245–246
^Cleary, David, "Meu Brasil Brasileiro", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 332–349
^Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 191
^ abcdeSchechter, John M., "Latin America/Ecuador" in Worlds of Music, pp. 376–427
^ abTurino, p. 244
^Manuel, Popular Musics, pp. 50–52
^Fairley, Jan, "Beyond the Ponchos" and "An Uncompromising Song", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 273–288, and pp. 362–371
^Turino, pp. 239–240, 242
^Nettl, Folk and Traditional Music, p. 149
^Turino, p. 243
^Slater, Russ, In a Nutshell: Candombe Sounds and Colours
^Sweeney, Philip and Dan Rosenberg, "Salsa Con Gasolina", in the Rough Guide to World Music, pp. 624–630
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