Flowering plants in the order Santalales recorded from South Africa
Santalales is an order of flowering plants. Many of the members of the order are parasitic plants, mostly hemiparasites, able to produce sugars through photosynthesis, but tapping the stems or roots of other plants to obtain water and minerals, though some are obligate parasites, with low concentrations of chlorophyll and derive the majority of their sustenance from their hosts' vascular tissues. Most have seeds without testae (seed coats), which is unusual for flowering plants.
The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]
Three families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.
^Cite error: The named reference Doyle and Donoghue 1986 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Butler 2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference PlantZAfrica was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Plants 2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
and 27 Related for: List of Santalales of South Africa information
Santalales is an order of flowering plants. Many of the members of the order are parasitic plants, mostly hemiparasites, able to produce sugars through...
Mistletoe is the common name for obligate hemiparasitic plants in the order Santalales. They are attached to their host tree or shrub by a structure called the...
KwaZuluNatal in SouthAfrica. A stem parasite on trees. The plant is listed as Least Concern in the SANBI Redlist. "Plants of Southern Africa". Plants of Southern...
the Use of the Showy Mistletoe Helixanthera cylindrica (Santalales: Loranthaceae) as a Nectar Source for Butterflies in the Malay Peninsula, South-East Asia"...
orders of flowering plants – Caryophyllales, Santalales and Berberidopsidales – that belong to the superasterids. They include 47 families of woody and...
This is a listof New Zealand species extinct in the Holocene that covers extinctions from the Holocene epoch, a geologic epoch that began about 11,650...
part of the Olacaceae family which is native throughout tropical regions. In particular, the sourplum is native to regions in South East Africa, mainly...
Nickrent, Daniel L. (2015). "Phylogenetic relationships ofSantalales with insights into the origins of holoparasitic Balanophoraceae". Taxon. 64 (3): 491–506...
as African sandalwood, watta bush or Camwood, is used for its scented wood and to extract essential oil. The semi-parasitic plant is found from South Africa...
allow continuing work on other aspects ofSantalales and parasitic plants. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (Santalales) notes that in 2008, Der & Nickrent...
Dendrophthoe comprises about 31 species spread across tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia (Flora of China, 2003) among which 7 species are found in India. D...
Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, Mozambique, the Northern Provinces, South Africa, Eswatini and Botswana. A. natalitius is found in mixed woodland and bushland...
important to humans throughout much of history, especially in regions like the Middle East and North Africa. A wide range of common products and foods are derived...
capense (common name, Cape mistletoe) is a species of Mistletoe that is indigenous to SouthAfrica, especially the area from Cape Town, northwards along...
Mystropetalon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Balanophoraceae. Its native range is SouthAfrica. Species: Mystropetalon thomii...
Thesium goetzeanum is a species of plant from Africa, where it grows between SouthAfrica and Kenya. Species in the genus Thesium are poorly understood...
number of tree species in higher rainfall areas from the Eastern Cape ofSouthAfrica, through KwaZulu-Natal, Eswatini and Mpumalanga, to East Africa, as...
Flora of Tropical East Africa. Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 126. Stearn 2002, p. 48. POWO, Aponogetonaceae. POWO, Aponogetonaceae, Flora of Somalia...
australis (common reed) is important for thatching and wall construction of homes in Africa. Grasses are used in water treatment systems, in wetland conservation...
common in Africa and South America. It is not domesticated so it is only found occurring in the wild. They grow in areas with more than 500 mm of mean annual...
internet in 2009 that they have results supporting the placement of Balanophoraceae in Santalales. They have yet to publish anything in a scientific journal...
Eswatini, Mozambique, SouthAfrica, and Zimbabwe) and Madagascar, except for the humid evergreen forest of the eastern side of Madagascar, and never above...
Global Information