Lepenski Vir (Serbian Cyrillic: Лепенски Вир, "Lepena Whirlpool"), located in Serbia, is an important archaeological site of the Lepenski Vir culture (also called as Lepenski Vir-Schela Cladovei culture[2]). It includes Mesolithic Iron Gates Hunter-Gatherers period and transition to Early Neolithic Early European Farmers period of the Balkans.[2]
The latest radiocarbon and AMS data suggests that the chronology of Lepenski Vir spans between 9500/7200 and 5500 BC, divided into Early–Middle Mesolithic, Late Mesolithic, Transition and Neolithic.[2] There is some disagreement about when the settlement and culture of Lepenski Vir began, but the latest data indicates that it was between 9500 and 7200 BC. The late Lepenski Vir (6300–6000 BC) architectural phase saw the development of unique trapezoidal buildings and monumental sculpture,[3] related with the admixing of Iron Gates Hunter-Gatherers with newly arrived Early European Farmers.[4] The Lepenski Vir site consists of one large settlement with around ten satellite villages. Numerous piscine sculptures and peculiar architectural remains have been found at the site.
Archaeologist Dragoslav Srejović, who first explored the site, said that such large sculptures so early in human history, and the original architectural solutions, define Lepenski Vir as a specific and very early phase in the development of European prehistoric culture.[5] The site was notable for its outstanding level of preservation and the overall exceptional quality of its artifacts. Because the settlement was permanent and planned, with an organized societal life, architect Hristivoje Pavlović labeled Lepenski Vir as "the first city in Europe".[6]
The Đerdap national park, which includes Lepenski Vir, was established in 1974.[7] On 10 July 2020, the park's wider area was designated a UNESCO global geopark. Apart from the Iron Gates gorge, the Đerdap UNESCO Global Geopark includes parts of the Miroč and Kučaj mountain massifs, with total area of 1,330 km2 (510 sq mi), and was the first such designation in Serbia.[8][9]
^"Информациони систем непокретних културних добара".
^ abcHofmanová 2017.
^"LEPENSKI VIR – SCHELA CLADOVEI CULTURE'SCHRONOLOGY AND ITS INTERPRETATION". Rusu Aurelian, Brukenthal. Acta Musei, VI. 1, 2011. 2011.
^Brami 2022.
^Hristivoje Pavlović (23 August 2017), "Tajne Lepenskog Vira IV - Zapanjujuća veština obrade kamena", Politika (in Serbian)
^Hristivoje Pavlović (20 August 2017), "Tajne Lepenskog Vira I - Prvi grad u Evropi", Politika (in Serbian), p. 20
^Aleksandra Mijalković (18 June 2017), "O očuvanju naše prirodne baštine: najbolja zaštita u naconalnim parkovima" [On conservation of our natural heritage - national parks provide the best protection], Politika-Magazin (in Serbian), pp. 3–6
^"UNESCO designates 15 new Geoparks in Asia, Europe, and Latin America". UNESCO. 10 July 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
^Dimitrije Bukvić (19 July 2020). "Đerdap – prvi srpski geopark" [Đerdap – first Serbian geopark]. Politika (in Serbian). p. 9.
these people. Major sites within this archaeological complex include LepenskiVir. Despite a foraging economy, stages at this site dated at c. 6300–6000...
LepenskiVir is compressed between 9500/7200-6000 BC. There is some disagreement about the early start of the settlement and culture of Lepenskir Vir...
Bijeli Vir, a village near Metković, Croatia Krivi Vir, a village near Zaječar, Serbia LepenskiVir, an archeological site in Serbia Sinji Vir, a village...
One of the most important archaeological sites in Serbia and Europe is LepenskiVir, the oldest planned settlement in Europe, located on the banks of the...
Dragoslav (1972). Europe's First Monumental Sculpture: New Discoveries at LepenskiVir. Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-39009-2. Central Asia does not enter...
Anatolia. Several important archaeological sites from this era, including LepenskiVir and Vinča-Belo Brdo, still exist near the Danube. During the Iron Age...
during the Neolithic about 8,000 years ago. The Mesolithic era site LepenskiVir in modern-day Serbia, the earliest documented sedentary community of...
Many archaeological sites have been destroyed because of floodings. LepenskiVir is a mesolithic archaeological site of the Iron Gates culture, near Donji...
Justiniana Prima Mramorje Velika humka Rudna Glava Gamzigrad Trajan's Bridge LepenskiVir Diana/Karataš Kraku Lu Jordan Starčevo Bassianae Sirmium Židovar Gomolava...
mesolithic culture, which is notable for its early urbanization, at LepenskiVir. Iron Gates mesolithic sites are found in modern Serbia, south-west Romania...
settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at LepenskiVir, they are almost always associated with fishing as a major source of...
reasons are the major road that passes through it, and its proximity to LepenskiVir, making the two locales a touristic whole. Golubac consists of three...
social activity the development of more complex settlements, such as LepenskiVir. Domestication of the dog as a hunting companion probably dates to this...
the Mesolithic to the Middle Ages in the Iron Gates: New Results from LepenskiVir". Radiocarbon. 46 (1): 293–300. doi:10.1017/S0033822200039606. hdl:1808/16275...
Mecklenburg Howick house, United Kingdom Pulli settlement, Estonia LepenskiVir, Serbia Star Carr and Star Carr house, United Kingdom Mount Sandal Northern...
semi-nomadic, which altered their social structures. Example societies are the LepenskiVir as well as some contemporary hunter-gatherers, such as the Tlingit. In...
Ostrovul Corbuli, Romania c. 8700 BP carried R1b1c. A male buried at LepenskiVir, Serbia c. 8200-7900 BP carried R1b1a. An EHG buried near Samara, Russia...
like the paddles from Tybrind Vig, Denmark. The Mesolithic statues of LepenskiVir at the Iron Gate, Serbia date to the 7th millennium BCE and represent...
settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at LepenskiVir, they are almost always associated with fishing as a major source of...
some anthropomorphic stone heads, similar to the famous stone heads of LepenskiVir, signify possible contact between the locals, the Mesolithic cultures...
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