Legality of sexual orientation and gender identity change efforts
Map of jurisdictions that have bans on sexual orientation and gender identity change efforts with minors.
Criminal prohibition against conversion therapy on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity
Only medical professionals are banned from performing conversion therapy
Conversion therapy is banned only in some subnational jurisdictions
Ban on conversion therapy pending or proposed
No ban on conversion therapy
Conversion therapy is the pseudoscientific practice of attempting to change a person's sexual orientation or gender identity. As of December 2023, twenty-seven countries have bans on conversion therapy, thirteen of them ban the practice by any person: Belgium,[1] Canada, Cyprus, Ecuador, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Malta, New Zealand, Spain, Portugal and Norway; Seven ban its practice by medical professionals only; Albania, Brazil, Chile, India, Israel, Vietnam and Taiwan; another seven: Argentina, Fiji, Nauru, Paraguay, Samoa, Switzerland, and Uruguay have indirect bans in that diagnoses based solely on sexual orientation or gender identity are banned without specifically banning conversion therapy, this effectively amounts to a ban on health professionals since they would not generally engage in therapy without a diagnosis. In addition, some jurisdictions within Australia, Mexico and the United States also ban conversion therapy. In China and South Africa case law has found conversion therapy to be unlawful.[2][3] Bills banning conversion therapy are being considered in Ireland, Mexico, Poland, the Netherlands, Austria, Finland, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.[2]
^"Belgium completely outlaws conversion therapy". 22 July 2023.
^ abGerbut, V; Karabin, T; Lazur, Y (1 November 2020). "Conversion Therapy Bans in National Legislations Around the Globe". Georgian Medical News. 308 (308). Georgia: Assot︠s︡iat︠s︡ii︠a︡ delovoĭ pressy Gruzii: 192–198. ISSN 1512-0112. PMID 33395666 – via EBSCOhost.
^Bagchi, Dishha (4 September 2022). "National Medical Commission bans 'Conversion Therapy', calls it professional misconduct". The Print. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
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