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A lead service line (LSL, also known as lead service pipe,[1] and lead connection pipe[2]) is a pipe made of lead which is used in potable water distribution to connect a water main to a user's premises.
Lead exposure is a public health hazard as it causes developmental effects in fetuses, infants, and young children. It also has other health effects in adults. According to the World Health Organization, the presence of lead service lines is the most significant contributor of lead contamination in drinking water in many countries.[3]
The most certain way to eliminate lead exposure in drinking water from the lead service lines is to replace them with pipes made from other materials. However, replacement is time-consuming and costly. The difficulty is exacerbated in many locations by ownership structure with a shared responsibility between water utilities and property owners, which requires cooperation between the two entities. Some water utilities employ corrosion control as a short-term solution while working through long-term replacement projects. A potential issue with corrosion control is constant monitoring of its effectiveness. There have been widespread lead exposures resulting from failures of corrosion control, such as the Flint water crisis.
^Assessing the effect of water meter installation on exposure to lead in water(PDF). DEFRA. October 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
^Hayes, Colin R.; Hydes, Owen D. (September 2012). "UK experience in the monitoring and control of lead in drinking water". Journal of Water and Health. 10 (3): 337–348. doi:10.2166/wh.2012.210. PMID 22960478.
^Organization, World Health (2014). Water safety in distribution systems(PDF). ISBN 9789241548892. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
A leadserviceline (LSL, also known as leadservice pipe, and lead connection pipe) is a pipe made of lead which is used in potable water distribution...
its leadserviceline inventory methods and whether the city should be required to install home water filters immediately following serviceline replacements...
According to WHO, the most significant contributor of lead in water in many countries is the leadserviceline. Water quality deteriorate due to corrosion of...
12-lead (and 15- or 18-lead) interpretation. Rule 1: All waves in aVR are negative. Rule 2: The ST segment (J point) starts on the isoelectric line (except...
dedicate funds to assist states and nonprofits with the costs of leadserviceline removal under Section 50105 of the Safe Drinking Water Act. Collected...
Postal Service, at Long Last: "A Tattered Line of String"". Pitchfork. February 11, 2013. Pelly, Jenn (March 21, 2013). "Listen: New Postal Service Song...
discontinuation of BMT services in 1949, the portion of the IRT Flushing Line between Times Square and Queensboro Plaza was known as the Queensboro Line. Since the...
at the local line voltage (generally 100 to 240 volts, depending on the location). The terms power cable, mains lead, flex or kettle lead are also used...
New York City, United States. The local tracks of the Culver Line are served by the F service, as well as the G between Bergen Street and Church Avenue....
Tunnel Connection and the IND Crosstown Line. From there, the express tracks of the line provide crosstown service across Manhattan under 53rd Street before...
Logistics, an amphibious warfare vessel of the United Kingdom Leadserviceline, a pipe made of lead that connects between a water main to the water user's location...
opened in 1936 from West Fourth Street to East Broadway with service provided by Eighth Avenue Line trains. This section was initially referred to as the Houston-Essex...
rate of about 5,000 homes a year. Whether a particular address has a leadserviceline may be searched for on a page on the Denver Water website. Colorado...
monitoring, treatment processes, public education, customer awareness, and leadserviceline replacement. EPA published a white paper in 2016 discussing options...
considered the largest of its kind Newark LeadServiceLine Replacement Program; considered the "national model" for lead pipe replacement in the U.S. Wadi Al...
Company (IRT), the first day of subway service in Manhattan. The current shuttle line was part of the first IRT subway line, which ran north to 145th Street...
Broadway–Seventh Avenue line. Services that use the Lexington Avenue Line are colored forest green. The following services use part or all of the line: The Lexington...
consumers' premises plumbosolvent water can attack lead pipes, leadservice lines, and any lead in solder used to join copper. Plumbosolvency of water can...
tonnage, and sold their first ship, Mardi Gras, after 21 years of service with the line. The Carnivale followed the same year, going to newly created Carnival...
perceptions of the service encounter e.g. uniforms, delivery vans Inventory (if required): the amount of inventory build up required for each step Line of Visibility:...
Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom...
Administrative Service (IAS) is the administrative arm of the All India Services of Government of India. The IAS is one of the three All India Services along with...
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