For the period (c. 1978–1984) of the Guatemalan Civil War generally known as "La Violencia", see Guatemalan Civil War.
La Violencia
Part of the Colombian Civil Wars
Date
9 April 1948 – 1958
Location
Colombia
Resulted in
Stalemate
Creation of the National Front
Colombian conflict
Parties
Colombian Conservative Party
Conservative party paramilitary groups
Pájaros
Chulavitas
Colombian Liberal Party and allied militias
Liberal party paramilitary groups
Colombian Communist Party
Grupos de Autodefensas Campesinas
Lead figures
Mariano Ospina Pérez
Laureano Gómez Castro
General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
Junta Militar
Alberto Lleras Camargo
Guillermo Leon Valencia
León Maria Lozano "El Condor"
Jair Giraldo
Efraín González Téllez
Guadalupe Salcedo
Dumar Aljure
Gerardo Loaiza
Saúl Fajardo
Eduardo Franco Isaza
Juan de La Cruz Varela
Juan de Jesús Franco
Jacinto Cruz Usma "Sangrenegra"
Teófilo Rojas Varón "Chispas"
Jacobo Prias Alape
Manuel Marulanda
Ciro Trujillo Castaño
Alfonso Castañeda
Casualties and losses
2,900 soldiers and 1,800 police officers dead (1948–57) 3,000–5,000 conservative paramilitaries dead
15,000 rebels dead (1948–58)
200,000 civilians killed (1947–60)
La Violencia
Prelude
Murder of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán
El Bogotazo
Political parties
Liberal Party
Conservative Party
Colombian Communist Party
Presidents of Colombia
Mariano Ospina Pérez
Laureano Gómez
Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
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La Violencia (Spanish pronunciation:[laβjoˈlensja], The Violence) was a ten-year civil war in Colombia from 1948 to 1958, between the Colombian Conservative Party and the Colombian Liberal Party, fought mainly in the countryside.[1][2][3]
La Violencia is considered to have begun with the assassination on 9 April 1948 of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, a Liberal Party presidential candidate and frontrunner for the 1949 November election.[4] His murder provoked the Bogotazo rioting, which lasted ten hours and resulted in around 5,000 casualties.[4] An alternative historiography proposes the Conservative Party's return to power following the election of 1946 to be the cause.[4] Rural town police and political leaders encouraged Conservative-supporting peasants to seize the agricultural lands of Liberal-supporting peasants, which provoked peasant-to-peasant violence throughout Colombia.[4]
La Violencia is estimated to have cost the lives of at least 200,000 people, almost 2% of the population of the country at the time.[5][6][7]
^Stokes, Doug (2005). America's Other War: Terrorizing Colombia. Zed Books. ISBN 1-84277-547-2. Azcarate quotes a figure of 300,000 dead between 1948–1959...[page needed]
^Gutierrez, Pedro Ruz (31 October 1999). "Bullets, Bloodshed And Ballots". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on 2016-08-15. Political violence is not new to that South American nation of 38 million people. In the past 100 years, more than 500,000 Colombians have died in it. From the 'War of the Thousand Days,' a civil war at the turn of the century that left 100,000 dead, to a partisan clash between 1948 and 1966 that claimed nearly 300,000...
^Bergquist, Charles; Robinson, David J. (2005). "Colombia". Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2005. Microsoft Corporation. Archived from the original on 2007-11-11. Retrieved 16 April 2006. On April 9, 1948, Gaitán was assassinated outside his law offices, in downtown Bogotá. The assassination marked the start of a decade of bloodshed, called La Violencia (The Violence), which took the lives of an estimated 180,000 Colombians before it subsided in 1958.
^ abcdLivingstone, Grace; foreword by Pearce, Jenny (2004). Inside Colombia: Drugs, Democracy, and War. Rutgers University Press. p. 42. ISBN 0-8135-3443-7.
LaViolencia (Spanish pronunciation: [la βjoˈlensja], The Violence) was a ten-year civil war in Colombia from 1948 to 1958, between the Colombian Conservative...
1953 to May 1957. Rojas Pinilla gained prominence as a colonel during LaViolencia, the period of civil strife in Colombia during the late 1940s and early...
people. In Colombian history and culture, the killings are known as LaViolencia (The Violence, 1948–58); most of the people killed were peasants and...
Spanish). 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021. "La indignación por laviolencia machista saca a la calle a miles de personas" [The outrage over sexist...
on the neck. It first appeared in Colombia during the period known as LaViolencia (1948–1958) as a method of psychological warfare designed to scare and...
Colombia which communist peasant guerrillas held during the aftermath of "LaViolencia" (approximately 1948 to 1958). Congressmen of the Colombian Conservative...
traditionally, most historians argue that LaViolencia began with the death of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán. The end of LaViolencia is disputed, but some say it ended...
anarquismo expropiador El uso de laviolencia en beneficio de la Idea by Federico Millenaar Anarquismo expropiador en río de la Plata Published by Barricada...
industry. The conflict is historically rooted in the conflict known as LaViolencia, which was triggered by the 1948 assassination of liberal political leader...
Blood and Fire: LaViolencia in Antioquia, Colombia, 1946-1953, Mary Roldan, Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-2918-2, 2002 Diario de la resistencia de...
abruptly interrupted. This generated a period of civil unrest known as LaViolencia, which lasted for almost a decade. The government then decided to restructure...
conflict between 1948 and 1958, during the civil war period known as LaViolencia, after which they established the "National Front", agreeing to rotate...
(1884–1885) Colombian Civil War of 1895 Thousand Days' War (1899–1902) LaViolencia (1948–1958) Colombian conflict (1964–present) List of wars involving...
por la "violencia extrema"" (in Spanish). BBC Mundo. January 12, 2011. Retrieved January 1, 2014. "Oficial: más de 22 mil 700 muertos por violencia". El...
podremos ver la conformación de manera muy embrionaria de un peronismo ortodoxo." Alonso, Dalmiro (2012). "Ideología y violencia organizada en la Argentina...
"Rechazo de manera contundente laviolencia desatada por las bandas criminales ecuatorianas que ponen en riesgo la seguridad y la paz de nuestra hermana República...
women rights and in 1997 created the Grupo Nacional para la Prevencion y Atencion de laViolencia Familiar, a national group whose purpose is to study and...
ISBN 9788400074425. González Sáez, Juan Manuel (2012). «Laviolencia política de la extrema derecha durante la transición española (1975-1982)». Coetánea: III...
triggered El Bogotazo, riots that partially destroyed Bogota and led to LaViolencia, a period of violence that lasted until approximately 1958. A fictinalized...
place between the late 1940s and the early 1950s, a period known as LaViolencia ("The Violence"). Its cause was mainly mounting tensions between the...
Leonel Torres has been mayor of the city. During the time known as LaViolencia, or "The Violence", Aguazul, as well as most of Casanare, was controlled...
Conxita Mir, Francisco Moreno Gómez. "Morir, matar, sobrevivir. Laviolencia en la dictadura de Franco", Editorial Crítica. Barcelona, Spain. 2002. p...