– in Europe (light green & dark grey) – in the European Union (light green) – [Legend]
Status
Legal since 1962 as part of Czechoslovakia, age of consent equalized in 1990
Gender identity
Legal gender change possible in theory
Military
Allowed to serve openly
Discrimination protections
Sexual orientation and gender identity protections since 2002 (see below)
Family rights
Recognition of relationships
Limited cohabitation rights[1][2]
Restrictions
Same-sex marriage constitutionally banned
Adoption
Single LGBT person may adopt
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Slovakia face a multitude of legal and social challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents.
Same-sex sexual activity was made legal in Czechoslovakia in 1962. Despite this, same-sex couples are granted limited legal rights. The country does not recognize same-sex marriage or civil unions. Today, the country, compared to its neighbour, the Czech Republic, holds more conservative views on LGBT rights.
Slovakia possesses comprehensive anti-discrimination laws covering sexual orientation and gender identity, in areas such as employment, goods and services, education and health services. Hate crimes and hate speech are criminal.
Opinion polls have shown highly fluctuating trends in support for same-sex marriage and civil unions. In 2019, polls showed either 29% or 57% of Slovaks support civil unions.[3][4] A poll after the 2022 Bratislava terrorist attack showed only 40% support civil unions.[5]
Transgender people in Slovakia experience difficulty in accessing healthcare, and a complete lack of regulation in legal gender change makes the process highly individual and difficult.[6]
^"40/1964 Zb. - Občiansky zákonník". Slov-lex.
^"301/2005 Z.z. - Trestný poriadok". Slov-lex.
^Cite error: The named reference FOCUS 2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference spectator was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Prieskum: Po útoku na Tepláreň narástla podpora pre registrované partnerstvá". Denník N (in Slovak). 5 December 2022. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
^Folentová, Veronika (16 November 2022). "Macko z Inakosti: Neviem si predstaviť, že by nejaký poslanec vyhlásil, že je antisemita". Denník N. Retrieved 18 November 2022. Odvtedy sme v situácii, keď neplatí nič, nič nie je možné, matriky odmietajú transrodovým ľuďom meniť doklady, vyhovárajú sa, že čakajú na ministerstvo zdravotníctva, kým vydá nové usmernenie. Lekári nechcú prijímať takýchto ľudí, lebo sa boja žalôb, sú v právnom vákuu, nemajú istotu v ničom, čo postupujú v tejto téme. Je jedna lekárka na celom Slovensku, ktorá ešte prijíma ľudí, ktorí chcú riešiť tranzíciu. Proces je v zásade zastavený.
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