'Kuṛux' or 'Kuṅṛux' in Kurukh Banna alphabet (top) and Tolong Siki alphabet (bottom)
Native to
India, Bangladesh, and Nepal
Region
Odisha, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Bihar, Tripura[1]
Ethnicity
Kurukh
Kisan
Native speakers
2.28 million (2002–2011)[2][1][3]
Language family
Dravidian
Northern Dravidian
Kurukh–Malto
Kurukh
Dialects
Oraon
Kisan
Dhangar
Writing system
Devanagari Kurukh Banna Tolong Siki
Official status
Official language in
India
Jharkhand (additional)
West Bengal (additional)
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Either: kru – Kurukh xis – Kisan
Glottolog
kuru1301
ELP
Nepali Kurux
Kurukh (/ˈkʊrʊx/ or /ˈkʊrʊk/;[4] Devanagari: कुँड़ुख़, Kurukh pronunciation:[/kũɽux/]), also Kurux, Oraon or Uranw,[5] is a North Dravidian language spoken by the Kurukh (Oraon) and Kisan people of East India. It is spoken by about two million people in the Indian states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal, Assam, Bihar and Tripura, as well as by 65,000 in northern Bangladesh, 28,600 of a dialect called Uranw in Nepal and about 5,000 in Bhutan. The most closely related language to Kurukh is Malto; together with Brahui, all three languages form the North Dravidian branch of the Dravidian language family. It is marked as being in a "vulnerable" state in UNESCO's list of endangered languages.[6] The Kisan dialect has 206,100 speakers as of 2011.
^ ab"Kurux". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-07-11.
^"Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
Kurukh (/ˈkʊrʊx/ or /ˈkʊrʊk/; Devanagari: कुँड़ुख़, Kurukh pronunciation: [/kũɽux/]), also Kurux, Oraon or Uranw, is a North Dravidian language spoken...
West Bengal. They predominantly speak Kurukh as their native language, which belongs to the Dravidian language family. In Maharashtra, Oraon people are...
The Northern Dravidian languages are a branch (Zvelebil 1990:56) of the Dravidian languages that includes Brahui, Kurukh and Malto. (There have been slight...
up Kurukh in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Kurukh or Kurux may refer to: Kurukh people, a people of eastern India and Bangladesh Kurukhlanguage, their...
and Nagara.. Kurukh tribe perform folk dances during different occasions such as harvesting, festival, marriage etc. In kurukhlanguage dance is called...
majority of speakers of Dravidian languages. Malto and Kurukh are spoken in isolated pockets in eastern India. Kurukh is also spoken in parts of Nepal...
recently in January 2023. Ager, Simon. "Tolong Siki alphabet and the Kurukhlanguage". Omniglot. Retrieved 2019-12-19. Pandey, Anshuman (2010-04-08). "Preliminary...
other focal culture. Kurukh people speak their mother tongue Kurukhlanguage with Sadri language. Munda people speak their Ho language and Kisan people speak...
native language). The largest language that is not "scheduled" is Bhili (0.95%), followed by Gondi (0.27%), Khandeshi (0.21%), Tulu (0.17%) and Kurukh (0...
Archived from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018. —"Kurukhlanguage given official status by Bengal government". Outlook. 21 February 2017...
Kurukh Banna is an abugida made specifically for the Kurux language in 1991 by Basudev Ram Khalkho from Odisha, India. In Sundargarh district of Odisha...
An endangered language is a language that is at a risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native...
Only two Dravidian languages are exclusively spoken outside India, Brahui in Balochistan, Pakistan and Dhangar, a dialect of Kurukh, in Nepal. Families...
other focal culture. Kurukh people speak their mother tongue Kurukhlanguage with Sadri language. Munda people speak their Ho language and Kisan people speak...
Jharkhand, Bihar and West Bengal. They speak Malto, related to the nearby Kurukhlanguage. When the British first encountered them they were nomadic. They practiced...
Khasi language Koch language Koda language Kokborok language Koya language Kora language Kui language Kuki languageKurukhlanguage Mavchi language Mizo...
divisions. Two Dravidian languages are spoken in Rajshahi and Rangpur divisions in western Bangladesh. Kurukh - some Kurukh people live in Sylhet tea...
pronounced [t̪amiɻ] ) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. Tamil is an official language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu...
root of the Munda languages, which they named Central Munda. Kharia is in contact with Sadri (the local lingua franca), Mundari, Kurukh, Hindi, and Odia...
the Dravidian languagesKurukh (84,000 speakers in 2011), Kulehiya/Malto (76,000) and Mal Paharia, as well as the Austroasiatic languages Santali (almost...
millennia. Noting extensive phonological similarities with Malto and Kurukh, Dravidian languages spoken as geographical isolates across Eastern India, most linguists...
Konkani language lies in the speech of Austroasiatic tribes called Kurukh, Oraon, and Kukni, whose modern representatives are languages like Kurukh and its...
speak the language, the others having shifted to regional languages. The Kodaku in Jharkhand call their language "Korwa". Both speak Sadri, Kurukh, or Chhattisgarhi...
important festival observed by the Kurukh and Sadan. Among Kurukh it is known as Khaddi (lit. 'flower') in Kurukh. It is known as Hadi Bonga among the...
speakers, it is also used as a lingua franca by many tribal groups such as the Kurukh, a Dravidian ethnic group, and the Kharia, Munda, and Austro-asiatic ethnic...
Oraon may refer to: Oraon people or Kurukh, an ethnic group of India Oraon language or Kurukh, their Dravidian language An Indian surname of the above people...
Global Information
India