Krafft temperature is defined as the minimum temperature from which the micelle formation takes place. It is named after German chemist Friedrich Krafft. It has been found that solubility at the Krafft point is nearly equal to critical micelle concentration (CMC). Below the Krafft temperature, the maximum solubility of the surfactant will be lower than the critical micelle concentration, meaning micelles will not form. The Krafft temperature is a point of phase change below which the surfactant remains in crystalline form, even in an aqueous solution. Visually the effect of going below the Krafft point is similar to that of going above the cloud point, with the solution becoming cloudy or opaque due to the surfactant molecules undergoing flocculation.
Surfactants in such a crystalline state will only solubilize and form micelles if another surfactant assists it in overcoming the forces that keep it crystallized, or if the temperature increases, thus causing entropy to increase and encouraging the crystalline structure to break apart.
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Kraffttemperature is defined as the minimum temperature from which the micelle formation takes place. It is named after German chemist Friedrich Krafft...
thermodynamically stable aggregates is the CMC. The Kraffttemperature of a surfactant is the lowest temperature required for micellization to take place. There...
Krafft may refer to: Krafft (crater), a crater on the Moon Kraffttemperature, the minimum temperature at which surfactants form micelles Krafft Arnold...
concentration (CMC), and the temperature of the system is greater than the critical micelle temperature, or Kraffttemperature. The formation of micelles...
vom Rath. In colloidal chemistry, the Kraffttemperature is named after him. In organic chemistry, the Krafft degradation reaction is named after him...
heavy water (D2O) via a sonicator to combine then. At the appropriate Kraffttemperature and critical micelle concentration these molecules will form individual...
determined to be the cloud point. Cold filter plugging point Gel point Krafft point – visually similar but specific to solutions of surfactants Petroleum...
Richard von Krafft-Ebing in his 1886 compilation of case studies Psychopathia Sexualis. Pain and physical violence are not essential in Krafft-Ebing's conception...
pyroclastic surge killed volcanologists Harry Glicken and Katia and Maurice Krafft and 40 other people on Mount Unzen, in Japan, on June 3, 1991. The surge...
State University, Geology Philpotts & Ague 2009, pp. 396–397. Keller, Jörg; Krafft, Maurice (November 1990). "Effusive natrocarbonatite activity of Oldoinyo...
State University, Geology Philpotts & Ague 2009, pp. 396–397. Keller, Jörg; Krafft, Maurice (November 1990). "Effusive natrocarbonatite activity of Oldoinyo...
Machine, New Scientist, 1 September 2010, Magazine issue 2776. Ehlers, E., Krafft, T, eds. (2001). "J.C.I. Dooge. "Integrated Management of Water Resources""...
T. J. Grimme Janet Hardy Alfred Kinsey Irving Klaw Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing John Norman Bettie Page Pauline Réage Catherine Robbe-Grillet Gayle...
Nicklas Stromberg Archived 2012-03-08 at the Wayback Machine Bjørn A. Krafft; Kit M. Kovacs; Anne Kirstine Frie; Tore Haug & Christian Lydersen (2006)...
provide night time illumination. An early proponent of this concept was Dr. Krafft Arnold Ehricke, who wrote about systems called "Lunetta", "Soletta", "Biosoletta"...
Drawe Friedrich Duerr Ernst R. G. Eckert Rudolph Edse [de] Otto Eisenhardt Krafft Arnold Ehricke Alfred Finzel Edward Fischel Karl Fleischer Anton Flettner...
landed in the Ocean of Storms at 18:01 UT on 24 December 1966, between the Krafft and Seleucus craters at 18°52' north latitude and 62°3' west longitude....
(1752–1819), who was later the wife of the noted German theologian, Christian Krafft. In addition to teaching medicine, physics and chemistry at the University...
United States, 1800–1860", Journal of Marketing, October 1936, pp. 135–40 Krafft, Manfred; Mantrala, Murali K., eds. (2006). Retailing in the 21st Century:...
the first time.[dubious – discuss] The German psychiatrist Richard von Krafft-Ebing introduced the terms sadism and masochism to the medical community...
organic pollutants. An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump Vacuum sewerage Krafft, Fritz (2013). Otto Von Guerickes Neue (Sogenannte) Magdeburger Versuche...
fountaining during these eruptions was caught on film by Maurice and Katia Krafft, and features in the 2022 film, Fire of Love. Since 1977 the Krafla area...
1002/14651858.CD000181.pub3. PMID 17253446. Beigel JH, Nam HH, Adams PL, Krafft A, Ince WL, El-Kamary SS, et al. (July 2019). "Advances in respiratory virus...
Archived from the original on 30 October 2007. Retrieved 28 October 2007. Krafft, Fritz (2009). "Astronomy". In Cancik, Hubert; Schneider, Helmuth (eds.)...
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