Deep space and return to Earth (test for Venus impact)[1]
Operator
OKB-1
COSPAR ID
1963-044A
SATCAT no.
00687
Mission duration
3 days
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type
3MV-1A
Manufacturer
OKB-1
Launch mass
890 kg[2]
Start of mission
Launch date
11 November 1963 06:23:34 GMT
Rocket
Molniya 8K78M s/n G103-18[1]
Launch site
Baikonur, Site 1/5
Contractor
OKB-1
End of mission
Disposal
Upper stage failure
Decay date
14 November 1963
Orbital parameters
Reference system
Geocentric[3]
Regime
Low Earth
Perigee altitude
182 km
Apogee altitude
216 km
Inclination
64.8°
Period
88.5 minutes
Epoch
11 November 1963
Venera
← Venera 2MV-2 No.1
Venera 3MV-1 No.2 →
Kosmos 21 (Russian: Космос 21 meaning Cosmos 21) was a Soviet spacecraft. This mission has been tentatively identified by NASA as a technology test of the Venera series space probes. It may have been an attempted Venus impact, presumably similar to the later Kosmos 27 mission, or it may have been intended from the beginning to remain in geocentric orbit. In any case, the spacecraft never left Earth orbit after insertion by the Molniya launcher. The orbit decayed on 14 November 1963, three days after launch.
^ abSiddiqi, Asif A. (2018). Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016(PDF). The NASA history series (second ed.). Washington, D.C.: NASA History Program Office. pp. 54–55. ISBN 9781626830424. LCCN 2017059404. SP2018-4041.
^https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1963-044A - 27 February 2020
^https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/displayTrajectory.action?id=1963-044A - 27 February 2020
in Earth orbit and given a Kosmos designation. The spacecraft's original development name before being given the Kosmos21 denomination once it reached...
"Tennis star Stefanos Tsitsipas ode to his wonderful dad, Apostolos". Neos Kosmos. 21 May 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2023. Braden, Jonathon (3 April 2020). "Apostolos...
Kosmos 954 (Russian: Космос 954) was a reconnaissance satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1977. A malfunction prevented safe separation of its onboard...
Kosmos 27 (Russian: Космос 27 meaning Cosmos 27), also known as Zond 3MV-1 No.3 was a space mission intended as a Venus impact probe. The spacecraft was...
part Greek and I am actually by blood. "Hugh Jackman is a Turk?". Neos Kosmos. 21 April 2015. Archived from the original on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 25 April...
concern and speculation regarding the true purpose of Kosmos 2553: According to U.S. officials, Kosmos 2553 is linked to a Russian program aimed at developing...
is thought to have replaced Kosmos-1378 in the Tselina system, since it was launched into a similar orbital plane. Kosmos-1408 was launched on a Tsyklon-3...
Natural Climate Change". Forbes. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023. Lopes, Rosaly M. C.; Gregg, Tracy K. P. (2004). Volcanic...
Kosmos Energy is an American upstream oil company founded and based in Dallas, Texas. While previously incorporated in Bermuda, Kosmos has reincorporated...
habitats followed by floating cities, based on the concept that breathable air (21:79 oxygen/nitrogen mixture) is a lifting gas in the dense carbon dioxide atmosphere...
Kosmos 133 (Russian: Космос 133, meaning "Kosmos 133"), Soyuz 7K-OK No.2, was the first uncrewed test flight of the Soyuz spacecraft, and first mission...
atmosphere. This is equal to the entire crust of Venus down to a depth of about 21.4 kilometers. Another study concluded that under optimal conditions, on average...
no camera. It transmitted data for almost an hour. Following the failed Kosmos 482, the 1975 Venera 9 and 10 probes and 1978 Venera 11 and 12 probes were...
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