Kopi luwak, also known as civet coffee, is a coffee that consists of partially digested coffee cherries, which have been eaten and defecated by the Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). The cherries are fermented as they pass through a civet's intestines, and after being defecated with other fecal matter, they are collected.[1] Asian palm civets are increasingly caught in the wild and traded for this purpose.[2]
Kopi luwak is produced mainly on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, Bali, Sulawesi, and in East Timor. It is also widely gathered in the forest or produced in farms in the islands of the Philippines,[3] where the product is called kape motit in the Cordillera region, kapé alamíd in Tagalog areas, kapé melô or kapé musang in Mindanao, and kahawa kubing in the Sulu Archipelago. 'Weasel coffee' is a loose English translation of its Vietnamese name cà phê Chồn.
Producers of the coffee beans argue that the process may improve coffee through two mechanisms: selection, where civets choose to eat only certain cherries; and digestion, where biological or chemical mechanisms in the animals' digestive tracts alter the composition of the coffee cherries.
The traditional method of collecting feces from wild Asian palm civets has given way to an intensive farming method, in which the palm civets are kept in battery cages and are force-fed the cherries. This method of production has raised ethical concerns about the treatment of civets and the conditions they are made to live in, which include isolation, poor diet, small cages, and a high mortality rate.[4][5][6]
Although kopi luwak is a form of processing rather than a variety of coffee, it has been called one of the most expensive coffees in the world, with retail prices reaching US$100 per kilogram for farmed beans and US$1,300 per kilogram for wild-collected beans.[7] Another epithet given to it is that it is the "Holy Grail of coffees."[8]
^ abMahendradatta, M.; Tawali, A. B. (2012). Comparison of chemical characteristics and sensory value between luwak coffee and original coffee from China (Coffea arabica L) and Robusta (Coffea canephora L) varieties(PDF). Makassar: Food Science and Technology Study Program, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
^Shepherd, C. (2012). "Observations of small carnivores in Jakarta wildlife markets, Indonesia, with notes on trade in Javan Ferret Badger Melogale orientalis and on the increasing demand for Common Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus for civet coffee production". Small Carnivore Conservation. 47: 38–41. S2CID 129958721.
^Ongo, E.; Montevecchi, G.; Antonelli, A. (2020). "Metabolomics fingerprint of Philippine coffee by SPME-GC-MS for geographical and varietal classification". Food Research International. 134: 109227. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109227. hdl:11380/1200548. PMID 32517906. S2CID 216380024.
^Milman, O. (2012). "World's most expensive coffee tainted by 'horrific' civet abuse". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 November 2012.
^Penha, J. (2012). "Excreted by imprisoned civets, kopi luwak no longer a personal favorite". The Jakarta Globe. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
^Lynn, G.; Rogers, C. (2013). "Civet cat coffee's animal cruelty secrets". BBC News. Retrieved 16 September 2013.
^"What Is the Price of Kopi Luwak? (Full Breakdown for 2021-22)". Eleven Coffees. 9 March 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
Kopiluwak, also known as civet coffee, is a coffee that consists of partially digested coffee cherries, which have been eaten and defecated by the Asian...
illegal wildlife trade; buyers use it for the increasing production of kopiluwak (civet coffee). The Asian palm civet's long, stocky body is covered with...
shop or restaurant in Southeast Asia which serves kopi as a menu item Coffee in Indonesia Kopiluwak, a specially processed coffee made in Indonesia and...
milk. Drink portal Indonesia portal Coffee portal Kopiluwak List of Indonesian drinks "Catat..! Kopi Tubruk, Kopinya Orang Indonesia | mlipir". Republika...
cafe in Queensland to include kopiluwak coffee on their menu, hailed as the most expensive coffee in the world. Kopiluwak is an Indonesian coffee made...
A kopitiam or kopi tiam (Chinese: 咖啡店; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-pi-tiàm; lit. 'coffee shop') is a type of coffee shop mostly found in parts of Indonesia, Malaysia...
niche product. Once they are finally processed, these beans are called kopiluwak, and are often marketed as a rare and expensive coffee. The term "green...
in Sumedang can produce 15 tonnes, 2.5 tonnes of them are produced as kopiluwak. Java's arabica coffee production is centred on the Ijen Plateau, at the...
four-time divorced healthcare tycoon and cultured loner, enjoys drinking kopiluwak, one of the most expensive coffees in the world and mocking his personal...
generally in places where the humidity is very high. An Asian coffee known as kopiluwak undergoes a peculiar process made from coffee berries eaten by the Asian...
beverages are made using the feces of animals, including but not limited to Kopiluwak, panda tea, insect tea, and Black Ivory Coffee. Casu martzu is a cheese...
smaller domesticated animals, such as fowls, ducks, rabbits, and cats. Kopiluwak, called cà phê cứt chồn in Vietnam and Tagalog: kape alamid in the Philippines)...
version of kopi susu uses fresh milk.[citation needed] In Indonesia, milk coffee with ice and palm sugar is called es kopi susu gula aren. Kopi tubruk is...
absorbed from the coffee cherries they consume. Coffee portal Drink portal Kopiluwak List of delicacies "About Black Ivory Coffee". Black Ivory Coffee. Archived...
Global Information
