This article is about the Egyptian pharaoh. For the encryption algorithm, see Khufu and Khafre.
"Cheops" redirects here. For other uses, see Cheops (disambiguation).
Khufu
Cheops, Suphis, Chnoubos,[1] Sofe[2]
The Statue of Khufu in the Cairo Museum
Pharaoh
Reign
c. 2589 – c. 2566 BC[3][4] 28–29 years[5]
Predecessor
Sneferu
Successor
Djedefre
Royal titulary
Horus name
Medjedu Mḏd.w[6] He who crushes (the enemies) for Horus
Alternative form:
Nebty name
Nebty-r-medjed Mḏd-r-Nnb.tj[6] He who crushes (the enemies) of the two Ladies
Golden Horus
Bikwy-nub Bjk.wj-nb.w[6] The twice golden falcon
Abydos King List Khufu Ḫ(w)j.f w(j) He protects me
Saqqara Tablet Khufu Ḫ(w)j.f w(j) He protects me
Turin King List Name lost in a lacuna
Relief with the titulary of Khufu from the Wadi Maghareh[7]
Nomen
Khufu (Khuifwi) Ḫw(j).f w(j) I am protected/He protects me[8]
Alternative form: Khnum Khufu ẖnmw ḫwj=f w(j) Khnum protects me
Consort
Meritites I, Henutsen[3]
Children
Kawab, Djedefhor, Hetepheres II, Meritites II, Meresankh II, Baufra, Djedefre, Minkhaf I, Khafre, Khufukhaf I, Babaef, Horbaef, Nefertiabet, Khamerernebty I[9]
Father
Pharaoh Sneferu
Mother
Queen Hetepheres I
Died
c. 2566 BC
Burial
Great Pyramid of Giza
Monuments
Great Pyramid of Giza, Khufu ship
Dynasty
4th Dynasty
Khufu or Cheops was an ancient Egyptian monarch who was the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty, in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC). Khufu succeeded his father Sneferu as king. He is generally accepted as having commissioned the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but many other aspects of his reign are poorly documented.[10][11]
The only completely preserved portrait of the king is a three-inch-high ivory figurine found in a temple ruin of a later period at Abydos in 1903. All other reliefs and statues were found in fragments, and many buildings of Khufu are lost. Everything known about Khufu comes from inscriptions in his necropolis at Giza and later documents.[citation needed] For example, Khufu is the main character noted in the Westcar Papyrus from the 13th dynasty.[10][11]
Most documents that mention king Khufu were written by ancient Egyptian and Greek historians around 300 BC.[citation needed] Khufu's obituary is presented there in a conflicting way: while the king enjoyed a long-lasting cultural heritage preservation during the period of the Old Kingdom and the New Kingdom, the ancient historians Manetho, Diodorus and Herodotus hand down a very negative depiction of Khufu's character. Thanks to these documents, an obscure and critical picture of Khufu's personality persists.[10][11]
^Alan B. Lloyd: Herodotus, book II., p. 62.
^Cite error: The named reference FJFS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abClayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs. p42. Thames and Hudson, London, 2006. ISBN 978-0-500-28628-9
^Malek, Jaromir, "The Old Kingdom" in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, ed. Ian Shaw, Oxford University Press 2000, ISBN 978-0-19-280458-7 p.88
^"Khufu's 30-Year Jubilee: Newly Discovered Pieces of a Puzzle".
^ abcvon Beckerath: Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, Deutscher Kunstverlag (1984), ISBN 3422008322
^Cite error: The named reference lepsius was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Rainer Hannig: Die Sprache der Pharaonen. Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch-Deutsch. (= Kulturgeschichte der antiken Welt. Vol. 64) 4th Edition, von Zabern, Mainz 2006, ISBN 3-8053-1771-9, page 113.
^Cite error: The named reference DH was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcThomas Schneider: Lexikon der Pharaonen. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3, page 100–104.
^ abcCite error: The named reference AiDo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Khufu or Cheops was an ancient Egyptian monarch who was the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty, in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century...
Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid and served as the tomb of pharaoh Khufu, who ruled during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Built c. 2600 BC...
The Khufu ship is an intact full-size solar barque from ancient Egypt. It was sealed into a pit alongside the Great Pyramid of pharaoh Khufu around 2500...
complex consists of the Great Pyramid (also known as the Pyramid of Cheops or Khufu and constructed c. 2580 – c. 2560 BC), the somewhat smaller Pyramid of Khafre...
In cryptography, Khufu and Khafre are two block ciphers designed by Ralph Merkle in 1989 while working at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center. Along with...
The Khufu Statuette or the Ivory figurine of Khufu is an ancient Egyptian statue. Historically and archaeologically significant, it was found in 1903 by...
Greeks. These Greeks felt that Khufu was a wicked man who offended the deities and forced his subjects into slavery. Khufu, as the son of Sneferu, was believed...
The Nile is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile is the longest river in Africa and has historically...
Khufu Corrie (71°19′S 68°19′W / 71.317°S 68.317°W / -71.317; -68.317) is a cirque roughly 0.3 nautical miles (0.6 km) across formed between Drune Hill...
reconstructed Khufu ship, a solar barque of pharaoh Khufu. It was constructed between 1961 and 1982, just a few meters from where the Khufu ship was found...
Khufu Peak (71°20′S 68°16′W / 71.333°S 68.267°W / -71.333; -68.267) is a peak rising to about 745 m located in Planet Heights, near the center of the...
pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The Pyramid of Khufu is the largest Egyptian pyramid and the last of the Seven Wonders of the...
pits were found in many ancient Egyptian sites. The most famous is the Khufu ship, which is now preserved in the Grand Egyptian Museum. The full-sized...
BC: Reign of Khufu, second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty. The height of the Old Kingdom under the reigns of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure. Khufu leads an expedition...
most well known examples of this is the Khufu ship, which was built and then buried at Giza along with Khufu and the rest of the items he would take with...
known papyri with text, dating to the 27th year of the reign of pharaoh Khufu during the 4th dynasty. The text, written with (hieratic) hieroglyphs, mostly...
King Sneferu, who perfected the art of pyramid-building, and the kings Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, who constructed the pyramids at Giza. Egypt attained...
pyramid of Queen G I-a. The Egyptian queen Hetepheres I was the mother of Khufu and probably the wife of Sneferu. The tomb was discovered in 1925 by the...
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the Fourth Dynasty Giza pyramid complex, which includes the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, the Great Sphinx, several cemeteries, a workers' village...
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Pharaoh Sneferu and mother of Khufu Hetepheres A, daughter of Sneferu, wife of Ankhhaf Hetepheres II, daughter of Khufu, wife of Prince Kawab and pharaoh...
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