The Kaye effect is a property of complex liquids which was first described by the British engineer Alan Kaye in 1963.[1]
While pouring one viscous mixture of an organic liquid onto a surface, the surface suddenly spouted an upcoming jet of liquid which merged with the downgoing one.
This phenomenon has since been discovered to be common in many non-Newtonian liquids (liquids with a shear stress dependent viscosity or viscoelastic properties). Common household liquids in this category are liquid hand soaps, shampoos and non-drip paint. The effect usually goes unnoticed, however, because it seldom lasts more than about 300 milliseconds. The effect can be sustained by pouring the liquid onto a slanted surface, preventing the outgoing jet from intersecting the downward one (which tends to end the effect).
Whilst it was long thought to occur due to a shear-thinning slip layer,[2] recent studies have shown through high-speed videos[3] and experiments in a vacuum chamber[4] that an extremely thin layer of air (approximately 1000 times thinner than the jet diameter) is entrained, which acts as a lubricant and supports the sliding jet.
The current theory is that viscoelasticity is key. In a jet viscoelastic fluid, a portion of the energy of deformation as the jet falls is recoverable, and this reduces the force required to support the leaping jet, enabling more air to be entrained.[4]
^Kaye, A. (1963). "A Bouncing Liquid Stream". Nature. 197 (4871): 1001–1002. Bibcode:1963Natur.197.1001K. doi:10.1038/1971001a0. S2CID 4265638.
^Versluis, M; Blom, C; et al. (2006). "Leaping shampoo and the stable Kaye effect". Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment. 2006 (7): P07007. arXiv:physics/0603183. doi:10.1088/1742-5468/2006/07/P07007. S2CID 119096147.
^Lee, S; Li, E; et al. (2013). "Leaping shampoo glides on a lubricating air layer". Physical Review E. 87 (6): 061001. Bibcode:2013PhRvE..87f1001L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.87.061001. hdl:1969.1/185287. PMID 23848618.
^ abKing, J; Lind, S (2019). "The Kaye effect: New experiments and a mechanistic explanation". Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics. 273: 104165. doi:10.1016/j.jnnfm.2019.104165.
The Kayeeffect is a property of complex liquids which was first described by the British engineer Alan Kaye in 1963. While pouring one viscous mixture...
Kaye may refer to: Kaye (given name) Kaye (surname) Kayes, city in Mali, sometimes also spelled Kaye. the ICAO code for Moore Army Airfield KAYE-FM, a...
Danny Kaye (born David Daniel Kaminsky; Yiddish: דוד־דניאל קאַמינסקי; January 18, 1911 – March 3, 1987) was an American actor, comedian, singer, and dancer...
Alan Kaye may refer to: Alan S. Kaye (1944–2007), American linguist Alan Kaye (engineer) (fl. 1963), British engineer who described the Kayeeffect Alan...
stress Rheology – Study of the flow of matter, primarily in a fluid state Kayeeffect – Property of complex liquids The Great Ketchup Mystery Mezger, Thomas...
merger was effected on January 1, 2017, as Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, later modified to operating as Arnold & Porter, in February 2018. Kaye Scholer...
Ian Thomas Garner MacKaye (/məˈkaɪ/; born April 16, 1962) is an American musician. Active since 1979, he is best known as the co-founder and owner of Dischord...
Kaye Donachie (born 1970 in Glasgow) is a contemporary British painter based in London. Her modest-sized, figurative paintings make use of figurative imagery...
Kasha's rule – Michael Kasha Kater's pendulum – Captain Henry Kater Kayeeffect – Alan Kaye Keeling curve – Charles David Keeling Kelvin wave – William Thomson...
fluid dynamics Kayeeffect – Property of complex liquids Lift (force) – Force perpendicular to flow of surrounding fluid Magnus effect – Deflection in...
Nicola Laura Kaye (born 11 February 1980) is a New Zealand politician who served as Deputy Leader of the New Zealand National Party and Deputy Leader of...
Kaye Forster (born c. 1980) is a freelance weather presenter based at BBC East Midlands weather hub. Her usual role is providing weekday breakfast and...
A paradoxical reaction (or paradoxical effect) is an effect of a chemical substance, such as a medical drug, that is opposite to what would usually be...
at Montfaucon on 3 October. Kaye flew SPAD S.XIII, serial S15130. The Armistice went into effect on 11 November 1918. Kaye was promoted to Captain by 18...
formed. Rolf Sievert was named chairman, but a driving force was George Kaye of the British National Physical Laboratory. The committee met in 1931, 1934...
scripts made her a natural talent for radio. She was a regular on Danny Kaye's short-lived but memorably zany comedy-variety show in 1946, which also featured...
also reflected contemporary issues. A New Companion to The Gothic's Heidi Kaye said "strong visuals, a focus on sexuality and an emphasis on audience response"...
Machine Debbie Collins, Sophie Green, Jo d’Ardenne , Heather Wardle & Shauna-Kaye Williams. Understanding of Return to Player messages: Findings from user...
archived from the original on January 2, 2020, retrieved March 19, 2019 Kaye, Ben (September 11, 2018). "Thom Yorke soundtracks rag & bone's short film...
Los Angeles Times, January 7, 2018 "Main Studio Rule Elimination Takes Effect Monday, January 8" from Radio Insight (January 4, 2018) "John Dickerson...
Global Information