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A mould of a Katanga Cross.
A Katanga Cross (French: croisette du Katanga), also called a handa, is a cast copper ingot in the shape of an equal-armed cross which was once used as a form of currency in parts of what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Katanga crosses were made in various sizes, typically about 20 centimetres (7.9 in) across, and weighing about 1 kilogram (2.2 lb). The name derives from Katanga, a rich copper mining region in the south-eastern portion of the DRC.[1]
These X-shaped ingots were cast by local coppersmiths by pouring molten copper into sand molds.[1]
A KatangaCross (French: croisette du Katanga), also called a handa, is a cast copper ingot in the shape of an equal-armed cross which was once used as...
were replaced with saltires (diagonal crosses). Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Katangacross "Katanga / Shaba (Democratic Republic of Congo)"...
and the Congo's Haut-Katanga and Lualaba provinces (notably Lubumbashi, Kolwezi, and Likasi). It arises because of the Katanga Supergroup, a Neoproterozoic...
white civilians. Belgium sent troops to protect fleeing white citizens. Katanga and South Kasai seceded with Belgian support. Amid continuing unrest and...
The State of Katanga (French: État du Katanga; Swahili: Inchi Ya Katanga), also known as the Republic of Katanga, was a breakaway state that proclaimed...
(surname), a Japanese surname Handa, a khatri (kashtriya) surname Handa or KatangaCross, a copper ingot once used as currency in the Democratic Republic of...
This is a history of Katanga Province and the former independent State of Katanga, as well as the history of the region prior to colonization. Prior to...
French Camerounian franc Moroccan franc Malagasy franc Malian franc KatangaCross - Zaire Lira Italian East African lira Italian Somaliland lira Tripolitanian...
curio markets, as well as among numismatists to the present day. Cowry KatangaCross, a similar currency used in Central Africa Manilla (money) Thornton...
The Iron Cross (German: Eisernes Kreuz, listen, abbreviated EK) was a military decoration in the Kingdom of Prussia, and later in the German Empire (1871–1918)...
(French: franc katangais), was the currency of the unrecognized State of Katanga between 1960 and 1963 during its brief period of independence from the...
The Russian Orthodox Cross (or just the Orthodox Cross by some Russian Orthodox traditions) is a variation of the Christian cross since the 16th century...
The Cross of Saint Peter, also known as the Petrine Cross, is an inverted Latin cross traditionally used as a Christian symbol, but in recent times, it...
A Latin cross or crux immissa is a type of cross in which the vertical beam sticks above the crossbeam, giving the cross four arms. Typically the two horizontal...
A sun cross, solar cross, or wheel cross is a solar symbol consisting of an equilateral cross inside a circle. The design is frequently found in the symbolism...
The Maltese cross is a cross symbol, consisting of four "V" or arrowhead shaped concave quadrilaterals converging at a central vertex at right angles,...
Jerusalem cross (also known as "five-fold Cross", or "cross-and-crosslets") is a heraldic cross and Christian cross variant consisting of a large cross potent...
A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of two intersecting lines or bars, usually perpendicular to each other. The lines usually run vertically and...
The Christian cross, with or without a figure of Christ included, is the main religious symbol of Christianity. A cross with a figure of Christ affixed...
saltire, also called Saint Andrew's Cross or the crux decussata, is a heraldic symbol in the form of a diagonal cross. The word comes from the Middle French...
Nordic cross flag is a flag bearing the design of the Nordic or Scandinavian cross, a cross symbol in a rectangular field, with the centre of the cross shifted...
Celtic cross variants The Celtic cross is a form of Christian cross featuring a nimbus or ring that emerged in Ireland, France and Great Britain in the...
cross, the double-barred cross, triple-barred cross, cross-and-crosslets, and many heraldic variants, such as the cross potent, cross pattée, cross moline...
The Cross of Lorraine (French: Croix de Lorraine), known as the Cross of Anjou in the 16th century, is a heraldic two-barred cross, consisting of a vertical...
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