Kalinga Magha or Gangaraja Kalinga Vijayabahu (Tamil: கலிங்க மாகன் / கலிங்க மாகோன் / கங்கராஜ காலிங்க விஜயவாகு மகன், Sinhala: කාලිංග මාඝ) was an invader from the Kingdom of Kalinga who usurped the throne from Parakrama Pandyan II of Polonnaruwa in 1215.[3] A massive migration followed of Sinhalese people to the south and west of Sri Lanka, and into the mountainous interior, as they attempted to escape his power.[4] Magha was the last ruler to have his seat in the traditional northern seat of native power on the island, known as Rajarata; so comprehensive was his destruction of Sinhalese power in the north that all of the successor kingdoms to Rajarata existed primarily in the south of the island.
Several theories exist about Magha, these theories range from defining him as an eastern Ganga king to a member of the Sinhalese Kalinga dynasty established by Kalinga Lokeshvara. Some historians identify him as the Kulankayan Cinkai Ariyan[5] mentioned in the Jaffna Tamil chronicles, stating that Kulanka is actually a corruption of Kalinga. A Tamil inscription found in Gomarankadawala, Trincomalee District proves that Kalinga Magha was consecrated as King of Polonnaruwa under the name of Gangaraja Kalinga Vijayabahu by Kulothunga Chola III.[6]
^K. M. De Silva,History of Ceylon: From the earliest times to 1505. 2v, Ceylon University Press, 1960, p.691
^Rasanayagam, M., Ancient Jaffna, p303-304
^Wright, Arnold (1907-01-01). Twentieth Century Impressions of Ceylon: Its History, People, Commerce, Industries, and Resources. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 9788120613355.
^Chattopadhyaya, Haraprasad (1994). Ethnic unrest in modern Sri Lanka: an account of Tamil-Sinhalese race relations. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 9788185880525. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
^Sivaratnam, C. (1968-01-01). The Tamils in Early Ceylon. Author.
^"இலங்கை தமிழர் வரலாறு: புதிய தகவல்களைக் கூறும் 13ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு கல்வெட்டு". 22 November 2021.
Look up Magha, Māgha, magha, माघ, or मघा in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Magha (māgha, माघ or maghā, मघा) may refer to: Magha (month) (māgha, माघ),...
Buddhist architecture matching Angkor Wat. As a catalyst for change, KalingaMagha is arguably one of the most significant rulers in Sri Lankan history...
Sangarāva. He launched a campaign against the Eastern Ganga invader KalingaMagha, and successfully expelled him in 1255, unifying Sri Lanka under one...
claimant who took power via Pandyan assistance. Only three years later, KalingaMagha, whose title evidently traces his bloodline to that of the Eastern Ganga...
traditionally thought to have been established after the invasion of KalingaMagha from Kalinga in India. Established as a powerful force in the north, northeast...
Wijayan history. Kulankayan Cinkai Ariyan (1215–1236) or popularly named as ‘Kalinga Maga’ is a South Indian invader who ruled the island for 21 years. The...
list of monarchs of the Jaffna kingdom from 1215 with the invasion of KalingaMagha to the Portuguese conquest of Jaffna Kingdom under Cankili II 1619....
Lanka. After his demise, Sri Lanka gradually decayed in power. In 1215, KalingaMagha, an invader with uncertain origins, identified as the founder of the...
ended with the fall of Polonnaruwa to KalingaMagha, a conqueror from the Eastern Ganga dynasty. KalingaMagha's brutal reign in Polonnaruwa caused a massive...
BC–1017 Polonnaruwa Chola conquest Sinhalese Resistance Invasion of KalingaMagha 1017–1232 Transitional Vijayabā Kollaya Crisis of the Sixteenth Century...
lineage. This prompted an invasion by the Aryacakravarti dynasty warlord KalingaMagha in 1214, which saw the complete destruction of the metropolises of Anuradhapura...
invader from Kalinga, called KalingaMagha landed in Sri Lanka and had an oppressive reign of 21 years. By the early 12th century, Kalinga had been conquered...
three years until Polonnaruwa was invaded and he was taken captive by KalingaMagha, who succeeded him. Pandyan Dynasty List of Sri Lankan monarchs History...
(Indonesia) to Lucoes (Philippines) into Sri Lanka. After defeating KalingaMagha, King Parakramabahu established his Kingdom in Dambadeniya. He built...
highlighted in blue are foreign usurping non-Sinhalese monarchs. After KalingaMagha invaded, with the intent of ruling the whole island, the Kingdom of...
Bhuvanaikabahu I, King (1271–1283) Jaffna Kingdom (complete list) – KalingaMagha, King (1215–1255) Chandrabhanu, King (1255–1262) Savakanmaindan, King...
BC–1017 Polonnaruwa Chola conquest Sinhalese Resistance Invasion of KalingaMagha 1017–1232 Transitional Vijayabā Kollaya Crisis of the Sixteenth Century...
the surviving family members of the KalingaMagha, an invader claiming to be from Kalinga kingdom in India. Magha apparently belonged to the Eastern Ganga...
Rambukwelle, P. B. (1993). Commentary on Sinhala Kingship — Vijaya to KalingaMagha. Sridevi Printers. ISBN 978-955-95565-0-3. Sastri, K. A (2000) [1935]...
Rambukwelle, P. B. (1993). Commentary on Sinhala Kingship — Vijaya to KalingaMagha. Sridevi Printers. ISBN 978-955-95565-0-3. Siriweera, W. I. (2004)....
Local Sri Lankan literature, such as the Kailiyai Malai, an account on KalingaMagha, narrates the migration of Vellala Nattar chiefs from the Coromandel...
Polonnaruwa as the new capital. King Vijayabahu married a second queen from the Kalinga (Orissa) Royal Family, and had a son, Vikramabâhu I, and a daughter, Ratnavali...
to Dambadeniya – after it was hidden in Kotmale with the invasion of KalingaMagha – and was placed in the Beligala Temple of Tooth. At that time, people...
among the sangha who had scattered due to the hostile invasion of the Kalingamagha. He also succeeded in holding a Buddhist convention in 1226 to bring...
half-brother, Ruknuddin Firuz, as sultan of the Delhi Sultanate. King KalingaMagha ("the Tyrant") is expelled from Polonnaruwa to Jaffna, capital of the...
Rambukwelle, P. B. (1993). Commentary on Sinhala Kingship — Vijaya to KalingaMagha. Sridevi Printers. ISBN 978-955-95565-0-3. Siriweera, W. I. (1994)....
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