Juramentado, in Philippine history, refers to a male Moro swordsman (from the Tausug tribe of Sulu) who attacked and killed targeted occupying and invading police and soldiers, expecting to be killed himself, the martyrdom undertaken as a form of jihad, considered a form of suicide attack.[1][2][3][4][5] Unlike an amok, who commits acts of random violence against Muslims and non-Muslims alike, a juramentado was a dedicated, premeditated, and sometimes highly skilled killer who prepared himself through a ritual of binding, shaving, and prayer in order to accomplish brazen attacks armed only with edged weapons.
For generations warlike Moro tribes had successfully prevented Spain from fully controlling the areas around Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, developing a well-earned reputation as notorious seafaring raiders, adept naval tacticians, and ferocious warriors who frequently demonstrated extraordinary personal bravery in combat. While Moro forces could never match opponents' firepower or armor, such bands used intelligence, audacity and mobility to raid strongly defended targets and quickly defeat more vulnerable ones. One extreme asymmetric warfare tactic was the Moro juramentado.
^Luga, Alan R. (2002). Muslim Insurgency in Mindanao, Philippines (Master's thesis). United States Army Command and General Staff College. p. 10. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021.
^Turbiville, Graham H. Jr. "Bearers of the Sword Radical Islam, Philippines Insurgency, and Regional Stability". Archived from the original on June 21, 2012. Retrieved June 21, 2012.
^McKenna, Thomas M. (1994). "The Defiant Periphery: Routes of Iranun Resistance in the Philippines". Social Analysis: The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice. 35 (35): 11–27. JSTOR 23171780.
^"Philippines". dogbrothers.com. Archived from the original on April 8, 2016.
^Russel, Florence Kimball (1907). A Woman's Journey Through the Philippines: On a Cable Ship That Linked Together the Strange Lands Seen En Route. Boston: L. C. Page & Company. Archived from the original on April 13, 2016.
Juramentado, in Philippine history, refers to a male Moro swordsman (from the Tausug tribe of Sulu) who attacked and killed targeted occupying and invading...
Spanish governor-general of the Philippines José Malcampo coined the term juramentado for the behavior (from juramentar – "to take an oath"), surviving into...
called them juramentados. The idea of the juramentado was considered part of jihad in the Moros' Islamic religion. During an attack, a juramentado would throw...
Pershing wrote the following in his autobiography about the juramentados: [The] juramentado attacks were materially reduced in number by a practice the...
(in Spanish). 19 June 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024. "David Martínez es Juramentado como Nuevo Ministro de Agricultura y Ganadería" [David Martínez is Inaugurated...
the complete disarmament of all Moros. American soldiers experienced juramentado and amok attacks from Moros opposed to American rule. Pershing saw total...
sporadically attacked. On 22 July 1883, it is reported that three unnamed juramentado succeeded in penetrating the Jolo town plaza and killed three Spaniards...
Indies. Kris-forgers and swordsmen were referred to as juramentados by the Spanish. Juramentados practice a ritual of sacrifice, a form of Jihad against...
called them juramentado. The idea of the juramentado was considered part of jihad in the Moros' Islamic religion. During an attack, a Juramentado would throw...
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the Americans in close-quarter combat using knives and swords. (See: juramentado) During the punitive expedition in Mexico, some US soldiers were also...
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During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, when a Moro Muslim juramentado swordsman launched a suicide attack against the Japanese, the Japanese...
converted to Islam. Moros carried out suicide juramentado attacks against the Japanese. Moro juramentados used opium in their attacks against US soldiers...
speaker-elect". Los Angeles Times. March 17, 2014. Retrieved July 21, 2022. "Juramentado el primer legislador abiertamente gay en Puerto Rico". Metro Puerto Rico...
PuertoRicoReport.com (2013-05-15). Retrieved on 2013-05-13. "Pedro Pierluisi es juramentado como secretario de Estado". Univision. Retrieved April 10, 2024. "Pedro...
British-held Borneo. (The Moros differentiate between the religious rite of the juramentado and the strictly secular violence of the amoks; Pala's rampage was of...
Japanese on Mindanao and Sulu until Japan surrendered in 1945. Moro Juramentados attacked the Spanish, Americans, Philippine Constabulary, and the Japanese...
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sections the Moro juramentado was beheaded after death and the head sewn inside the carcass of a pig. And so the rite of running juramentado, at least semi-religious...
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