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Judenrat in the town of Szydłowiec in occupied Poland, where the Jewish population was in the majority before the Holocaust
A Judenrat[a] (German:[ˈjuːdn̩ˌʁaːt], lit.'Jewish council') was an administrative body established in German-occupied Europe during World War II which purported to represent a Jewish community in dealings with the Nazi authorities. The Germans required Jews to form Judenräte across the occupied territories at local and sometimes national levels.[1]
Judenräte were particularly common in Nazi ghettos in Eastern Europe where in some cases, such as the Łódź Ghetto, and in Theresienstadt, they were known as the "Jewish Council of Elders" (Jüdischer Ältestenrat or Ältestenrat der Juden).[2] Jewish communities themselves had established councils for self-government as early as the Middle Ages. The Jewish community used the Hebrew term Kahal (קהל) or Kehillah (קהילה), whereas the German authorities generally used the term Judenräte.[citation needed]
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^"The Ghettos Theresienstadt". Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority. Archived from the original on 25 December 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
A Judenrat (German: [ˈjuːdn̩ˌʁaːt], lit. 'Jewish council') was an administrative body established in German-occupied Europe during World War II which purported...
the wake of military defeats on the Eastern Front. As the head of the Judenrat, Rumkowski is remembered for his speech Give Me Your Children, delivered...
were auxiliary police units organized within the Nazi ghettos by local Judenrat (Jewish councils). Members of the Jewish Police did not usually have official...
"cooperation" in this way is problematic with regard to the activities of some Judenrat leaders and Jewish police, who were corrupt and despotic, and whose actions...
Ghetto with the Judenrat, and infiltrated Jewish opposition within the Ghetto. In July 1941, Group 13 lost its political status to the Judenrat, and the Office...
the occupied area of central Poland. The Nazi-appointed Jewish Council (Judenrat) in Warsaw, a committee of 24 people headed by Adam Czerniaków, was responsible...
National Jewish Book Award in the Holocaust category for his monograph titled Judenrat: The Jewish Councils in Eastern Europe Under Nazi Occupation published...
creation of the Judenrat, or Jewish Council, with community-selected members. In early September 1941, the Germans murdered most of the Judenrat, which left...
Polish; 1905 – June 1943) was the head of the Jewish Community Council, or Judenrat, in the Sosnowiec Ghetto during the Nazi German occupation of Poland in...
segregated by sex some family life continued. A Jewish community leadership (Judenrat) exercised some authority and tried to sustain the Jewish community while...
extermination camps and other killing sites; the role of the Jewish Council (Judenrat) in choosing those to be deported has attracted significant controversy...
militia. The Judenrat did not tolerate this, because the Nazis gave them an ultimatum to end the resistance or face extermination. The Judenrat knew that...
his diaries by Adam Czerniakov, the last chairman of the Warsaw Ghetto Judenrat. He stated that those older than 68 were allowed to stay in Germany. The...
school, and Soros and the other schoolchildren were made to report to the Judenrat ("Jewish Council"), which had been established during the occupation. Soros...
February 27, 1877 August 28, 1944 67 Jewish Nazi-appointed head of the Judenrat while he lived in the Łódź Ghetto in Poland. He was known to abuse his...
these rumors. Their leader was Leon Feldhendler, a former member of the Judenrat in Żółkiewka. His job in the sorting barracks gave him access to additional...
from the Judenrat and the demands were much crueler. Death was the punishment for the slightest indication of noncompliance by the Judenrat. Sometimes...
could come out of hiding. An estimated 200 Jews from Brzesko survived. The Judenrat was formed to meet the demands of the Germans for forced labor. Though...
Ghetto, and he was soon appointed by Nazi officials as a clerk for the Judenrat, the Kraków Ghetto's Jewish administration. Pemper also acted as a German-Polish...
synagogues in the city. The affairs of the ghetto were managed by the Judenrat, whose members lived in a special area, along with their families. In this...
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Divide and rule Eliezer Gruenbaum, notable kapo Jewish Ghetto Police Judenrat - Jewish councils under Nazi administration for self-government in Ghettos...
invasion of Poland, he fled to Warsaw and was briefly a member of the Judenrat. He fled to the Netherlands, then to England, where he was appointed to...
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