John Milton Chivington (January 27, 1821 – October 4, 1894) was a Methodist pastor, and Mason who served as a colonel in the United States Volunteers during the New Mexico Campaign of the American Civil War. He led a rear action against a Confederate supply train in the Battle of Glorieta Pass, and was then appointed a colonel of cavalry during the Colorado War.
Colonel Chivington gained infamy[1] for leading the 700-man force of Colorado Territory volunteers responsible for one of the most heinous atrocities in American military history: the November 1864 Sand Creek massacre. An estimated 70 to 600 peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho – about two-thirds of whom were women, children, and infants – were murdered and mutilated by Col. Chivington and the volunteer troops under his command. Chivington and his men also took scalps and many other human body parts as trophies, including unborn fetuses, as well as male and female genitalia.[2] The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War conducted an investigation of the massacre, but while they condemned Chivington and his soldiers in the strongest possible terms, no court-martial proceedings were brought against him or them. The only punishment Col. Chivington suffered was public exposure and the end of his political aspirations.
Three years prior to Sand Creek, on August 2, 1861, he became the first Grand Master of Masons of Colorado.[3] Several Freemasons, some of whom were present at the Sand Creek Massacre, objected to Chivington's actions and publicly denounced them, while others supported him.
^Cummins, Joseph (2009-12-01). The World's Bloodiest History: Massacre, Genocide, and The Scars They Left on Civilization. Fair Winds. p. 99. ISBN 9781592334025. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
^United States Congress Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War, 1865 (testimonies and report)
^"Colorado Freemasons Website". Archived from the original on 2018-02-24. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
John Milton Chivington (January 27, 1821 – October 4, 1894) was a Methodist pastor, and Mason who served as a colonel in the United States Volunteers during...
Chivington may refer to: JohnChivington (1821–1894), a Colonel at the time of the U.S. Civil War who gained infamy for his attack on a peaceful settlement...
The Sand Creek massacre (also known as the Chivington massacre, the battle of Sand Creek or the massacre of Cheyenne Indians) was a massacre of Cheyenne...
Chivington Drive was a street in Longmont, Colorado, United States which was named in 1977 after Colonel JohnChivington, the person responsible for the...
Hewitt (Audie Murphy) was serving with the U.S. Cavalry under Colonel JohnChivington. On patrol, Hewitt meets a group of unarmed Indians who are returning...
already inhabited the area. Command of this unit was given to Colonel JohnChivington, who had distinguished himself at the Battle of Glorieta Pass in the...
among the chiefs who complied with Colorado Governor John Evans and US Colonel JohnChivington to relocate to Fort Lyon, where they were to await a peace...
military and congressional hearings which established the culpability of John M. Chivington, the commander of the Colorado Volunteers, and his troops. The Indians'...
November 1864 Sand Creek massacre (which was carried out by Colonel JohnChivington, later a member of the university's original board of directors). The...
extermination of the Indians. They were commanded by JohnChivington and George L. Shoup, who followed the lead of John Evans, territorial governor of Colorado. They...
tribes.) The first colonel of the regiment was John P. Slough, replaced in April 1862 by Major JohnChivington, later chastised for his role as commander...
Inconclusive/Other Result Military and congressional hearings against JohnChivington Snake War (1864–1868) Part of the American Indian Wars Locations: Oregon...
States Cheyenne Arapaho Military and congressional hearings against JohnChivington Snake War (1864–68) United States Snake Indians Hualapai War (1865–70)...
Colonel JohnChivington, and they had told him the Indians shot first. He also heard there were 175 cattle head stolen from the government. Chivington "ordered...
1864, Beckwourth was hired as a scout by United States Army officer JohnChivington, who commanded the 3rd Colorado Cavalry Regiment. The regiment subsequently...
stealing food and livestock. In April 1864, John Evans, the territorial governor, called for Colonel JohnChivington, commander of the 1st Regiment of Colorado...
a home guard under the command of Colonel JohnChivington. Chivington and Colorado territorial governor John Evans adopted a hard line against Indians...
November 29, 1864 Colorado Volunteers under the command of Colonel JohnChivington attacked a peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho village camped on Sand Creek...
peace continued, but in the spring of 1864, John Evans, governor of Colorado Territory, and JohnChivington, commander of the Colorado Volunteers, a citizens...
Southwestern United States. In 1864, Territorial Governor John Evans appointed the Reverend JohnChivington as Colonel of the Colorado Volunteers with orders...
Governor, John Evans. Colonel JohnChivington certified that Ochinee was a man of good character and a "friendly Indian." Before the attack, the John Wesley...
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