City tree: Chinese Willow; City flower: Lotus and Rose[3]
Jinan
"Jǐnán" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Simplified Chinese
济南
Traditional Chinese
濟南
Literal meaning
"South of the Ji[River]"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Jǐnán
Bopomofo
ㄐㄧˇ ㄋㄢˊ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh
Jii'nan
Wade–Giles
Chi3-nan2
IPA
[tɕì.nǎn]
Wu
Romanization
Tsi去noe平
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Jái-nàahm
Jyutping
Zai2-naam4
IPA
[tsɐi˧˥.naːm˩]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ
Chè-lâm
Tâi-lô
Tsē-lâm
Jinan[b] is the capital of Shandong province in Eastern China.[5] With a population of 9.2 million, it is one of the largest cities in Shandong in terms of population. The area of present-day Jinan has played an important role in the history of the region from the earliest beginnings of civilization and has evolved into a major national administrative, economic, and transportation hub.[6] The city has held sub-provincial administrative status since 1994.[6][7] Jinan is often called the "City of Springs" for its famous 72 artesian springs.[8]
Jinan is one of the top 35 cities in the world for scientific research as tracked by the Nature Index according to the Nature Index 2023 Science Cities.[9] The city is home to several major universities, including Shangdong, Shandong Normal, Shandong Jianzhu, University of Jinan, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shandong University of Finance and Economics.[10] Notably, Shandong University is one of China's most prestigious universities as a member of the Double First-Class Construction. The city is rated Beta- (Global second-tier city) by the biannual GAWC ratings in 2020.[11]
^"China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
^"济南增选玫瑰为市花 增选后济南市市花为荷花和玫瑰_新视听". news.jnnc.com. Archived from the original on March 10, 2022. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
^"China" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., 1878.
^"Illuminating China's Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions-Shandong". PRC Central Government Official Website. 2001. Archived from the original on June 19, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ ab"Jinan (Shandong) City Information". HKTDC. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
^中央机构编制委员会印发《关于副省级市若干问题的意见》的通知. 中编发[1995]5号. 豆丁网. February 19, 1995. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
^济南新72名泉评定前后. 163.com news. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved May 9, 2016.
^"US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Jinan". U.S. News & World Report. October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
^"GaWC - The World According to GaWC 2020". www.lboro.ac.uk. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
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Jinan is the capital of Shandong province in Eastern China. With a population of 9.2 million, it is one of the largest cities in Shandong in terms of...
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Jinan Qingqi Motorcycle Co., Ltd (Chinese: 济南轻骑摩托车股份有限公司) is a Chinese manufacturer of mopeds, quadbikes and other small engined & electric motorcycles...
Jinan Foreign Language School (JNFLS; 济南外国语学校) is a secondary school in Jinan, Shandong, China. The original campus of the school is a public school managed...
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The Jinan dialect (simplified Chinese: 济南话; traditional Chinese: 濟南話; pinyin: Jǐnánhuà) is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Jinan in Shandong province...
Jinan Commandery (Chinese: 濟南郡) was a commandery in historical China, located in what is now central Shandong province. Jinan was established in early...
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The Battle of Jinan was a critical engagement fought between the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from...
China Railway Jinan Group, officially abbreviated as CR Jinan or CR-Jinan, formerly, Jinan Railway Administration is a subsidiaries company under the jurisdiction...
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