Morning Prayer, 2005Jews praying at the Western Wall (Kotel) in Jerusalem, 2010Video-clips of Jews praying, from the archive of the Israeli News Company of Israel's Channel 2
Jewish prayer (Hebrew: תְּפִילָּה, tefilla[tfiˈla]; plural תְּפִילּוֹת tefillot[tfiˈlot]; Yiddish: תּפֿלה, romanized: tfile[ˈtfɪlə], plural תּפֿלותtfilles[ˈtfɪləs]; Yinglish: davening/ˈdɑːvənɪŋ/ from Yiddish דאַווןdavn 'pray') is the prayer recitation that forms part of the observance of Rabbinic Judaism. These prayers, often with instructions and commentary, are found in the Siddur, the traditional Jewish prayer book.
Prayer, as a "service of the heart," is in principle a Torah-based commandment.[1] It is mandatory for Jewish women and men.[2] However, the rabbinic requirement to recite a specific prayer text does differentiate between men and women: Jewish men are obligated to recite three prayers each day within specific time ranges (zmanim), while, according to many approaches, women are only required to pray once or twice a day, and may not be required to recite a specific text.[3]
Traditionally, three prayer services are recited daily:
Morning prayer: Shacharit or Shaharit (שַחֲרִית, "of the dawn")
Afternoon prayer: Mincha or Minha (מִנְחָה), named for the flour offering that accompanied sacrifices at the Temple in Jerusalem,
Evening prayer:[4]Arvit (עַרְבִית, "of the evening") or Maariv (מַעֲרִיב, "bringing on night")
Two additional services are recited on Shabbat and holidays:
Musaf (מוּסָף, "additional") are recited by Orthodox and Conservative congregations on Shabbat, major Jewish holidays (including Chol HaMoed), and Rosh Chodesh.
Ne'ila (נְעִילָה, "closing"), is recited only on Yom Kippur.
A distinction is made between individual prayer and communal prayer, which requires a quorum known as a minyan, with communal prayer being preferable as it permits the inclusion of prayers that otherwise would be omitted.
According to tradition, many of the current standard prayers were composed by the sages of the Great Assembly in the early Second Temple period (516 BCE – 70 CE). The language of the prayers, while clearly from this period, often employs biblical idiom. The main structure of the modern prayer service was fixed in the Tannaic era (1st–2nd centuries CE), with some additions and the exact text of blessings coming later. Jewish prayerbooks emerged during the early Middle Ages during the period of the Geonim of Babylonia (6th–11th centuries CE).[5]
Over the last 2000 years, traditional variations have emerged among the traditional liturgical customs of different Jewish communities, such as Ashkenazic, Sephardic, Yemenite, Eretz Yisrael and others, or rather recent liturgical inventions such as Hassidic, and Chabad. However the differences are minor compared with the commonalities. Most of the Jewish liturgy is sung or chanted with traditional melodies or trope. Synagogues may designate or employ a professional or lay hazzan (cantor) for the purpose of leading the congregation in prayer, especially on Shabbat or holidays.
^Tractate Ta’anit 2a
^Steinsaltz, Adin (2000). A guide to Jewish prayer (1st American paperback ed.). New York: Schocken Books. pp. 26ff. ISBN 978-0805211474. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^Bar-Hayim, David (Rabbi, Posek). "Women and Davening: Shemone Esre, Keriyath Shem". machonshilo.org. Archived from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Center for Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania. "Jewish Liturgy: The Siddur and the Mahzor". Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
Judaism 101: Common Prayers and Blessings Sidduraudio.com: Texts and Audios of selections from the Siddur Chabad.org: JewishPrayers in English and Hebrew...
as a form of prayer. Some Sufis whirl. Hindus chant mantras. Jewishprayer may involve swaying back and forth and bowing. Muslim prayer involves bowing...
either used in a narrow sense, for the section of the wall used for Jewishprayer, or in a broader sense, referring to the entire 488-metre-long (1,601 ft)...
gadol ("big tallit") Jewishprayer shawl worn over the outer clothes during the morning prayers (Shacharit) and worn during all prayers on Yom Kippur. The...
Most of the prayers in a traditional Jewish service can be recited in solitary prayer, although communal prayer is preferred. Communal prayer requires a...
concepts do not apply to him. In the "Yigdal" prayer, found towards the beginning of the Jewishprayer books used in synagogues around the world, it states...
unstructured, personal Jewishprayer, may be part of structured Jewish services, or may be separate from prayer practices. Jewish mystics have viewed meditation...
asceticism, both accompanied by extended prayer services (usually at synagogue) and sin confessions. Many Jewish denominations, such as Reconstructionist...
Mantra Bhaktamara Stotra Uvasagharam Stotra List of JewishPrayers and Blessings Tefillah prayers prescribed 3 times a day by observant Jews and 4 times...
is the reason that the Temple of Solomon became the focal point for Jewishprayer. In the Bible, it is written that when the prophet Daniel was in Babylon...
heaven'), is a prayer said in most Jewish denominations in Israel and a lot of denominations in the Jewish Diaspora as part of the prayer service on Shabbat...
to prayer. The Barechu (Hebrew: ברכו, also Borchu, Barekhu or Bar'chu) is the beginning of the Jewishprayer service. It serves as a call to prayer, and...
alongside items of Jewish historical significance or history about the synagogue itself. Synagogues are consecrated spaces used for Jewishprayer, study, assembly...
media related to Shabbat. List of Shabbat topics Baqashot Jewish greetings Jewishprayer § Prayer on Shabbat Lord's Day Shmita Uposatha Other Biblical sources...
Society in Boston, Massachusetts. Based on the traditional tallit, or Jewishprayer shawl, that flag was white with narrow blue stripes near the edges and...
also known as Arvit, or Arbit (Hebrew: עַרְבִית, [ʔaʁˈvit]), is a Jewishprayer service held in the evening or night. It consists primarily of the evening...
wear the tarbush on their heads. The tallit is a Jewishprayer shawl worn while reciting morning prayers as well as in the synagogue on Shabbat and holidays...
all women's prayer groups are absolutely forbidden by halakha (Jewish law). A more liberal, permissive view maintains that women's prayer groups can be...
The Prayer of Manasseh is a short, penitential prayer attributed to king Manasseh of Judah. The majority of scholars believe that the Prayer of Manasseh...
of future redemption, the Temple has been commemorated in Jewish tradition through prayer, liturgical poetry, art, poetry, architecture, and other forms...
brothers) is a Jewishprayer calling for the release of captives. According to Rabbi Elie Kaunfer of the Hadar Institute, the Acheinu prayer first appeared...
other styles of traditional Jewishprayer service also deliver the priestly blessing during the repetition of the Amidah prayer. They perform this service...
'sɪdəʁ]; plural siddurim סִדּוּרִים [siduˈʁim]) is a Jewishprayer book containing a set order of daily prayers. The word siddur comes from the Hebrew root ס־ד־ר...
and commentary, are found in the siddur, the traditional Jewishprayer book. In general, Jewish men are obligated to pray three times a day within specific...
Music of Israel Jewishprayer Ben-Amos, Dan; Noy, Dov, eds. (2006). Folktales of the Jews: Tales from Eastern Europe. Vol. II. Jewish Publication Society...
לְצִיּוֹן). The Liberal Jewishprayer-book for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur (Machzor Ruach Chadashah) contains a creative prayer based on Avinu Malkeinu...
Global Information
