Temporal range: Latest Carboniferous to present 300–0 Ma
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S
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Eurydice pulchra, a carnivorous isopod found on sandy shores
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Malacostraca
Superorder:
Peracarida
Order:
Isopoda Latreille, 1817 [1]
Suborders
Asellota
Calabozoida
Cymothoida
Limnoriidea
Microcerberidea
Oniscidea
Phoratopidea
Phreatoicidea
Sphaeromatidea
Tainisopidea
Valvifera
Isopoda is an order of crustacean, which includes woodlice and their relatives. Members of this group are called Isopods and include both terrestrial and aquatic species. All have rigid, segmented exoskeletons, two pairs of antennae, seven pairs of jointed limbs on the thorax, and five pairs of branching appendages on the abdomen that are used in respiration. Females brood their young in a pouch under their thorax.
Isopods have various feeding methods: some eat dead or decaying plant and animal matter, others are grazers, or filter feeders, a few are predators, and some are internal or external parasites, mostly of fish. Aquatic species mostly live on the seabed or bottom of freshwater bodies of water, but some taxa can swim for a short distance. Terrestrial forms move around by crawling and tend to be found in cool, moist places. Some species are able to roll themselves into a ball as a defense mechanism or to conserve moisture.
There are over 10,000 identified species of isopod worldwide, with around 4,500 species found in marine environments, mostly on the seabed, 500 species in fresh water, and another 5,000 species on land. The order is divided into eleven suborders. The fossil record of isopods dates back to the Carboniferous period (in the Pennsylvanian epoch), at least 300 million years ago, when isopods lived in shallow seas. The name Isopoda is derived from the Greek roots iso- (from ἴσοςísos, meaning "equal") and -pod (from ποδ-, the stem of πούςpoús, meaning "foot").[2][3]
^"Isopoda". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
^"Isopod". Merriam-Webster. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
^Schotte, M.; Boyko, C. B.; Bruce, N. L.; Markham, J.; Poore, G. C. B.; Taiti, S.; Wilson, G. D. F. "World List of Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Isopod Crustaceans". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
Isopoda is an order of crustacean, which includes woodlice and their relatives. Members of this group are called Isopods and include both terrestrial...
is any crustacean belonging to the suborder Oniscidea within the order Isopoda. They get their name from often being found in old wood, and from louse...
Armadillidiidae is a family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda. Unlike members of some other woodlice families, members of this family...
sanguineus Nunomura, 1983 Beddard, Frank E. (1886). "Preliminary Notice of the Isopoda collected during the Voyage of H.M.S. 'Challenger.'—Part III". Proceedings...
Is Made and Isop0dyssey. Brusca, Richard C. (1981). "A monograph on the Isopoda Cymothoidae (Crustacea) of the Eastern Pacific" (PDF). Zoological Journal...
K. (2006). The giant deep-sea scavenger genus Bathynomus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae) in the Indo-West Pacific. In: Richer de Forges, B. and Justone...
an isopoda parasite present in the waters off Singapore. First described in 2017, by Boyko, Williams & Shields. Acrobelione halimedae is isopoda ectoparasite...
nocturnal species and is typically active at night. Like all species of Isopoda, Porcellio spinicornis develops directly from yolky eggs. Both the eggs...
Bathynomus giganteus is a species of aquatic crustacean, of the order Isopoda. It is a member of the giant isopods (Bathynomus), and as such it is related—albeit...
Dae-Soo; Kwon, Do-Heon (2009). "Two New Species of the Genus Nesodillo (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Armadillidae) from Philippines". Animal Systematics, Evolution...
Bathynomus decemspinosus is a species of aquatic crustacean of the order Isopoda. It is known from the West Pacific (Taiwan) and has been found dwelling...
of Oniscidea, and one of the most species-rich families of the entire Isopoda. Most of the armadillidae taxa are not monophyletic. Armadillids generally...
habitats, and three orders have terrestrial members: Amphipoda (Talitridae), Isopoda (Oniscidea, the woodlice) and Decapoda (terrestrial hermit crabs, crabs...
floridanu is an isopoda parasite present in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Allodiplophryxus floridanus is an Epicaridean isopoda parasite that is...
Serrano-Sánchez; Francisco J. Vega (2018). "Diversity of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Early Miocene Chiapas amber, Mexico" (PDF). Revista Mexicana...
captivity. Schmalfuss, H. (1987-12-15). "Revisión der Gattung Porcellio (Isopoda, Oniscidea). 1. Beitrag: P. Hoffmannseggi und P. magnificus". {{cite journal}}:...
Molecular Characterization of Gnathia Jimmybuffetti Sp. Nov. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Gnathiidae): the First New Gnathiid in 100 Years from the Floridian Ecoregion"...
Canadaspidida are extinct, while Leptostraca are extant). Cumacea and Isopoda are both known from the Carboniferous, as are the first true mantis shrimp...
ISSN 0373-8493. Song, Ji-Hun (2020-10-31). "A New Record of Porcellio scaber (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Porcellionidae) from South Korea, with Notes on Its Variation"...
that was discovered in the Gulf of Mexico. It is a member of the order of Isopoda, similar to Bathynomus giganteus. Bathynomus yucatanensis was jointly published...
This list of prehistoric malacostracans illustrates the genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be malacostracans, a class of crustacean...
BBC Wildlife. p. 17. Horton, Tammy (2000). "Ceratorhoa steindachneri (Isopoda: Cymothoidae) new to British waters with a key to north east Atlantic and...
Australian Isopoda: Families. Angelika Brandt & Gary C. B. Poore (2003). "Higher classification of the flabelliferan and related Isopoda based on a reappraisal...
Isopoda)". Teaching Biology. Archived from the original on 2014-06-06. Retrieved 2014-06-03. Brusca, Richard C. (1981). "A monograph on the Isopoda Cymothoidae...
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