Irish people and their descendants living outside Ireland
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Irish diaspora" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(September 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Countries with a significant population of Irish nationals and eligible descendants.
Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
+ 1,000,000
+ 100,000
+ 10,000
+ 1,000
'Emigrants Leave Ireland', engraving by Henry Doyle (1827–1892), from Mary Frances Cusack's Illustrated History of Ireland, 1868
The Irish diaspora (Irish: Diaspóra na nGael) refers to ethnic Irish people and their descendants who live outside the island of Ireland.
The phenomenon of migration from Ireland is recorded since the Early Middle Ages,[1] but it can be quantified only from around 1700. Since then, between 9 and 10 million people born in Ireland have emigrated. That is more than the population of Ireland itself, which at its historical peak was 8.5 million on the eve of the Great Famine. The poorest of them went to Great Britain, especially Liverpool. Those who could afford it went further, including almost 5 million to the United States.[2]
After 1765, emigration from Ireland became a short, relentless and efficiently managed national enterprise.[3] In 1890, 40% of Irish-born people were living abroad. By the 21st century, an estimated 80 million people worldwide claimed some Irish descent, which includes more than 36 million Americans claiming Irish as their primary ethnicity.[4]
As recently as the second half of the 19th century, most Irish emigrants spoke Irish as their first language. That had social and cultural consequences for the cultivation of the language abroad, including innovations in journalism. The language continues to be cultivated abroad by a small minority as a literary and social medium.[5] The Irish diaspora are largely assimilated in most countries outside Ireland after World War I. Seán Fleming is the Republic of Ireland's Minister of State for the Diaspora.
^Flechner, Roy; Meeder, Sven (2017). The Irish in Early Medieval Europe: Identity, Culture and Religion. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 231–41. ISBN 9781137430618.
^J. Matthew Gallman, Receiving Erin's Children: Philadelphia, Liverpool, and the Irish Famine Migration, 1845–1855 (2000)
^David Fitzpatrick, "Emigration, 1801–70", in A New History of Ireland, vol. V: Ireland under the Union, I, 1801–70, ed. W. E. Vaughan (Oxford, 1989), 569; David Fitzpatrick, "Emigration, 1871–1921", in A New History of Ireland, vol. VI: Ireland under the Union, II, 1870–1921, ed. W. E. Vaughan (Oxford, 1996), 607
^"U.S. Census". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 11 February 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2008.
^The cultural and linguistic contexts are discussed in: Ó hAnnracháin, Stiofán (ed.), 1979. Go Meiriceá Siar. An Clóchomhar Tta, Baile Átha Cliath; Ihde, Thomas W. (ed.), 1994. The Irish Language in the United States: a historical, sociolinguistic and applied linguistic survey. Bergin & Garvey. ISBN 0-89789-331-X; Noone, Val, 2012. Hidden Ireland in Victoria. Ballarat Historical Services. ISBN 978-1-876478-83-4
The Irishdiaspora (Irish: Diaspóra na nGael) refers to ethnic Irish people and their descendants who live outside the island of Ireland. The phenomenon...
The Irish military diaspora refers to the many people of either Irish birth or extraction (see Irishdiaspora) who have served in overseas military forces...
homelands during the 19th and 20th centuries; the Irishdiaspora after the Great Famine; the Scottish diaspora that developed on a large scale after the Highland...
Irish people (Irish: Muintir na hÉireann or Na hÉireannaigh) are an ethnic group and nation native to the island of Ireland, who share a common ancestry...
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. They have a large...
Ireland. They are predominantly English speaking, though many also speak Shelta, a language of mixed English and Irish origin. The majority of Irish Travellers...
have at least one Irish grandparent (around 10% of the UK population). The Irishdiaspora (Irish: Diaspóra na nGael) refers to Irish people and their descendants...
of Ireland had dropped to 6.5 million people. The Famine and the resulting Irishdiaspora had a dramatic effect on population; by 1891, Ireland's population...
Irishdiaspora crime groups and Irish-American Mob families, with the extent of Irish-American crime group involvement with crime groups in Ireland varying...
Irish Americans are ethnic Irish who live in the United States and are American citizens. Most Irish Americans of the 21st century are descendants of immigrants...
The Irish slaves myth is a fringe pseudohistorical narrative that conflates the penal transportation and indentured servitude of Irish people during the...
Irish people in Jamaica or Irish Jamaicans, are Jamaican citizens whose ancestors originated from Ireland. If counted separately, Irish people would be...
[citation needed] Irishdiaspora – consists of Irish emigrants and their descendants especially in countries such as the United States (see Irish Americans)...
Irish Australians (Irish: Gael-Astrálaigh) are an ethnic group of Australian citizens of Irish descent, which include immigrants from and descendants whose...
descendants of immigrants from Ireland. The majority of Irish immigrants to Mexico were Catholic. A few Mexican Irish communities existed in Mexican Texas...
and performance purposes. Irish dance in its current form developed from various influences such as earlier native Irish dance, English country dancing...
In modern Newfoundland (Irish: Talamh an Éisc), many Newfoundlanders are of Irish descent. According to the Statistics Canada 2016 census, 20.7% of Newfoundlanders...
An Irish Indian is an Indian citizen who is fully or partially of Irish descent, who is aware of such ancestry and remains connected, to some degree, to...
Gaelic (see Gaelic Ireland). Strong family values, wit and an appreciation for tradition are commonly associated with Irish culture. Irish culture has been...
horse racing, golf, and boxing. The names Ireland and Éire derive from Old Irish Ériu, a goddess in Irish mythology first recorded in the ninth century...
attracting members of the Irish diaspora to the island for the celebrations. List of expatriate Irish populations Irish immigration to Barbados "Montserrat...
football (Irish: Peil Ghaelach; short name Peil, Ulster Scots: Gaelic fitbaw), commonly known as simply Gaelic, GAA or Football is an Irish team sport...
curtain Irish and shanty Irish are terms that were commonly used in the 19th and 20th centuries to categorize Irish people, particularly Irish Americans...
Global Information
