Ingain is an extinct Jê language of Brazil, closely related to the Southern Jê languages Kaingáng and Laklãnõ (Xokléng). Kimdá may have been a dialect. Ingain was spoken along the middle Paraná River, from the Iguatemi River in the north to the Arroyo Yabebiry in the south.[1]: 15
Related "South Kaingáng" languages were:[2]
Guayana / Wayana / Gualachí / Guanhanan - extinct language once spoken between the Uruguay River and Paraná River, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Amhó or Ivitorocái - extinct language from Riacho Ivitoracái, Paraguay. Listed as separate from the Ingain cluster by Mason (1950).[3]
^Nikulin, Andrey. 2020. Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo. Doctoral dissertation, University of Brasília.
^Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
^Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians. Vol. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
Ingain is an extinct Jê language of Brazil, closely related to the Southern Jê languages Kaingáng and Laklãnõ (Xokléng). Kimdá may have been a dialect...
including Amhó, Dorin, Gualachi, Chiqui, Ingain, Botocudo, Ivitorocái (= Amho), Kamé, Kayurukré, Tain (= Ingain), Taven. Some of these may have been tribal...
extinct language may be narrowly defined as a language with no native speakers and no descendant languages. Under this definition, a language becomes...