Inertia information

Inertia is the tendency of objects in motion to stay in motion and objects at rest to stay at rest, unless a force causes its speed or direction to change. It is one of the fundamental principles in classical physics, and described by Isaac Newton in his first law of motion (also known as The Principle of Inertia).^[1] It is one of the primary manifestations of mass, one of the core quantitative properties of physical systems.^[2] Newton writes:^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

LAW I. Every object perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, except insofar as it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.
— Isaac Newton, Principia, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, Translation by Cohen and Whitman, 1999^[7]

In his 1687 work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Newton defined inertia as a property:

DEFINITION III. The vis insita, or innate force of matter, is a power of resisting by which every body, as much as in it lies, endeavours to persevere in its present state, whether it be of rest or of moving uniformly forward in a right line.^[8]

^ Britannica, Dictionary. "definition of INERTIA". Retrieved 2022-07-08.
^ Britannica, Science. "inertia physics". Retrieved 2022-07-08.
^ Andrew Motte's English translation: Newton, Isaac (1846), Newton's Principia: the mathematical principles of natural philosophy (3rd edition), New York: Daniel Adee, p. 83
^ Andrew Motte's 1729 (1846) translation translated Newton's "nisi quatenus" erroneously as unless instead of except insofar. Hoek, D. (2023). "Forced Changes Only: A New Take on Inertia". Philosophy of Science. 90 (1): 60–73.
^ "What Newton really meant | Daniel Hoek". IAI TV - Changing how the world thinks. 2023-08-17. Retrieved 2023-09-29.
^ Pappas, Stephanie (5 September 2023). "Mistranslation of Newton's First Law Discovered after Nearly Nearly 300 Years". Scientific American.
^ Newton, I. (1999). The Principia, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Translated by Cohen, I.B.; Whitman, A. Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-29087-7.
^ Andrew Motte's English translation: Newton, Isaac (1846), Newton's Principia: the mathematical principles of natural philosophy (3rd edition), New York: Daniel Adee, p. 73

[1] Britannica, Dictionary. "definition of INERTIA". Retrieved 2022-07-08.

[2] Britannica, Science. "inertia physics". Retrieved 2022-07-08.

[3] Andrew Motte's English translation: Newton, Isaac (1846), Newton's Principia: the mathematical principles of natural philosophy (3rd edition), New York: Daniel Adee, p. 83

[4] Andrew Motte's 1729 (1846) translation translated Newton's "nisi quatenus" erroneously as unless instead of except insofar. Hoek, D. (2023). "Forced Changes Only: A New Take on Inertia". Philosophy of Science. 90 (1): 60–73.

[5] "What Newton really meant | Daniel Hoek". IAI TV - Changing how the world thinks. 2023-08-17. Retrieved 2023-09-29.

[6] Pappas, Stephanie (5 September 2023). "Mistranslation of Newton's First Law Discovered after Nearly Nearly 300 Years". Scientific American.

[Cohen&Whitman-7] Newton, I. (1999). The Principia, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Translated by Cohen, I.B.; Whitman, A. Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-29087-7.

[8] Andrew Motte's English translation: Newton, Isaac (1846), Newton's Principia: the mathematical principles of natural philosophy (3rd edition), New York: Daniel Adee, p. 73

Inertia information

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Classical mechanics
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