Measure of evolutionary success based on the number of offspring the individual supports
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In evolutionary biology, inclusive fitness is one of two metrics of evolutionary success as defined by W. D. Hamilton in 1964:
Personal fitness is the number of offspring that an individual begets (regardless of who rescues/rears/supports them)
Inclusive fitness is the number of offspring equivalents that an individual rears, rescues or otherwise supports through its behaviour (regardless of who begets them)
An individual's own child, who carries one half of the individual's genes, is defined as one offspring equivalent. A sibling's child, who will carry one-quarter of the individual's genes, is 1/2 offspring equivalent. Similarly, a cousin's child, who has 1/16 of the individual's genes, is 1/8 offspring equivalent.
From a gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Prior to Hamilton's work, it was generally assumed that genes only achieved this through the number of viable offspring produced by the individual organism they occupied. However, this overlooked a wider consideration of a gene's success, most clearly in the case of the social insects where the vast majority of individuals do not produce (their own) offspring.
evolutionary biology, inclusivefitness is one of two metrics of evolutionary success as defined by W. D. Hamilton in 1964: Personal fitness is the number of...
Inclusivefitness in humans is the application of inclusivefitness theory to human social behaviour, relationships and cooperation. Inclusive fitness...
Look up inclusive in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Inclusive may refer to: Inclusive disjunction, A or B or both Inclusivefitness, in evolutionary...
the same genes, giving a mechanism for favoring genetic selection. Inclusivefitness theory, first proposed by W. D. Hamilton in the early 1960s, gives...
can lead to the evolution of altruistic behaviour. It is related to inclusivefitness, which combines the number of offspring produced with the number an...
beneficiaries of natural selection. According to inclusivefitness theory, organisms can gain fitness by increasing the reproductive output of other individuals...
Sickness behavior is a coordinated set of adaptive behavioral changes that develop in ill individuals during the course of an infection. They usually,...
evolutionary theory, in its modern form, is essentially inclusivefitness theory. Inclusivefitness theory resolved the issue of how "altruism" evolved....
"mating effort" towards the genetic parent. Inclusivefitness is the sum of an organism's classical fitness (how many of its own offspring it produces...
and an inclusivefitness. Inclusivefitness is the sum of all direct and indirect fitness, where direct fitness is defined as the amount of fitness gained...
advantage to inclusivefitness would at once appear. Thus a mutation causing such discriminatory behaviour itself benefits inclusivefitness and would be...
offspring. For such games, Hamilton defined an extended form of fitness – inclusivefitness, which includes an individual's offspring as well as any offspring...
advantage to inclusivefitness would at once appear. Thus, a mutation causing such discriminatory behaviour itself benefits inclusivefitness and would be...
families that do. Inclusivefitness is the sum of all direct and indirect fitness, where direct fitness is defined as the amount of fitness gained through...
behaviors can evolve to become a typical feature of a species (see inclusivefitness theory). Because complex social relationships and cohesive social...
Girl Walk's goal is to bring women together through accessible and inclusivefitness training that promotes both mental and physical well-being. The walks...
of Hermaphroditism by an Infectious Male-Derived Cell Lineage: An Inclusive-Fitness Analysis" (PDF). The American Naturalist. 178 (2): 191–201. doi:10...
biological theories of the evolution of social behavior (in particular inclusivefitness theory) upon which the field of sociobiology was founded. In 1974...
push individuals to behave in ways that maximize their inclusivefitness. Studying inclusivefitness is often done using predictions from Hamilton's rule...
reproductive alliances is easily resolved through inclusivefitness theory. The theory of inclusivefitness, proposed by Hamilton (1964) states that individuals...
attempts. An evolutionary explanation for suicide is that it may improve inclusivefitness. This may occur if the person dying by suicide cannot have more children...
nest. This results in vastly decreased inclusivefitness for the worker and greatly increased inclusivefitness of the foundress, even if the sisters are...
driven at least in part by interactions between related individuals. Inclusivefitness, the sum of an individual's own reproductive success, (natural and...
effect is a direct consequence of the modern evolutionary theory of inclusivefitness, especially parental investment theory. They argue that human child...
evolutionary past: they tended to promote behaviours that enhanced the inclusivefitness of our genes in the ancestral environment. Russian physicist and philosopher...
parenting skills. Such parental influences lead to the theories of inclusivefitness as well as parental investment in illustrating the roots of parenting...
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