Astronautical use of materials harvested in outer space
ISRU reverse water gas shift testbed (NASA KSC)ISRU Pilot Excavator – A NASA project
In space exploration, in situ resource utilization (ISRU) is the practice of collection, processing, storing and use of materials found or manufactured on other astronomical objects (the Moon, Mars, asteroids, etc.) that replace materials that would otherwise be brought from Earth.[1]
ISRU could provide materials for life support, propellants, construction materials, and energy to a spacecraft payloads or space exploration crews. It is now very common for spacecraft and robotic planetary surface mission to harness the solar radiation found in situ in the form of solar panels. The use of ISRU for material production has not yet been implemented in a space mission, though several field tests in the late 2000s demonstrated various lunar ISRU techniques in a relevant environment.[2]
ISRU has long been considered as a possible avenue for reducing the mass and cost of space exploration architectures, in that it may be a way to drastically reduce the amount of payload that must be launched from Earth in order to explore a given planetary body. According to NASA, "in-situ resource utilization will enable the affordable establishment of extraterrestrial exploration and operations by minimizing the materials carried from Earth."[3]
^Sacksteder, Kurt R.; Sanders, Gerald B. (January 2007). "In-situ resource utilization for lunar and mars exploration". AIAA 2007-345. AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. doi:10.2514/6.2007-345. ISBN 978-1-62410-012-3.
^Sanders, Gerald B.; Larson, William E. (4 January 2011). "Integration of In-Situ Resource Utilization into lunar/Mars exploration through field analogs". Advances in Space Research. 47 (1): 20–29. Bibcode:2011AdSpR..47...20S. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2010.08.020. hdl:2060/20100021362. S2CID 120129018.
^"In-Situ Resource Utilization". NASA Ames Research Center. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2007.
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In space exploration, insituresourceutilization (ISRU) is the practice of collection, processing, storing and use of materials found or manufactured...
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and oxygen are in the right stoichiometric ratio to be burned in a rocket engine. This kind of insituresourceutilization would result in massive weight...
from extraterrestrial places like Mars, asteroids, or the Moon (in-situresourceutilization [ISRU]; see Asteroid mining). One could produce breathing oxygen...
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volatiles in lunar polar sub-surface materials, and to demonstrate insituresourceutilization (ISRU) processing of lunar soil by heating samples in an oven...
lunar south pole where they will scout for lunar resources, test insituresourceutilization (ISRU) concepts, and perform lunar science to support the Artemis...
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the primary goal of the LSA is not asteroid mining, but rather In-SituResourceUtilization (ISRU). One of Luxembourg's key contributions to global space...
names: authors list (link) "Significant Lunar Minerals" (PDF). InSituResourceUtilization (ISRU). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2010...
quickly turned down due to the amount of technology, such as Insituresourceutilization, that would need to be developed. Spaceflight portal National...
the moon, they seem to be in more limited supply than on earth, especially near the surface. If insituresourceutilization is desired to fuel nuclear...
in the atmosphere that gathers and stores gases. A smaller vehicle would transfer the gases from the cruiser to an orbital station. In-situresource utilization...
do both mention prospecting for lunar resource extraction for in-situresourceutilization as an objective, in the case of the American policy including...
profiling of lunar regolith and crust, local geochemistry, and in-situresourceutilization demonstrations. On July 24, 2008 a meeting of the space agencies...
transportation equipment, advanced life support systems and in-situresourceutilization. After the Viking landers and the Mars Pathfinder's rover landed...
hospitable of the planets in the Solar System, other than Earth. Human colonization of Mars would require insituresourceutilization (ISRU); A NASA report...
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nitrogen. Rhizobia bacteria are capable of fixing nitrogen. Insituresourceutilization involves using materials encountered on Mars to produce materials...
transition into a concavity at the foot zone Insituresourceutilization – Astronautical use of materials harvested in outer space Lunar regolith simulant Loess –...
manufacturing partnerships for the FireFly 1. Asteroid mining Insituresourceutilization Mining the Sky Planetary Resources Shackleton Energy Company...
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