In chemistry, an ideal solution or ideal mixture is a solution that exhibits thermodynamic properties analogous to those of a mixture of ideal gases.[1] The enthalpy of mixing is zero[2] as is the volume change on mixing by definition; the closer to zero the enthalpy of mixing is, the more "ideal" the behavior of the solution becomes. The vapor pressures of the solvent and solute obey Raoult's law and Henry's law, respectively,[3] and the activity coefficient (which measures deviation from ideality) is equal to one for each component.[4]
The concept of an ideal solution is fundamental to chemical thermodynamics and its applications, such as the explanation of colligative properties.
^Felder, Richard M.; Rousseau, Ronald W.; Bullard, Lisa G. (2005). Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes. Wiley. p. 293. ISBN 978-0471687573.
^A to Z of Thermodynamics Pierre Perrot ISBN 0-19-856556-9
^Felder, Richard M.; Rousseau, Ronald W.; Bullard, Lisa G. (15 December 2004). Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes. Wiley. p. 293. ISBN 978-0471687573.
^IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "ideal mixture". doi:10.1351/goldbook.I02938
chemistry, an idealsolution or ideal mixture is a solution that exhibits thermodynamic properties analogous to those of a mixture of ideal gases. The enthalpy...
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potential of species i in an idealsolution is μ i ideal ≈ μ i 0 + R T ln ( x i ) , {\displaystyle \mu _{i}^{\text{ideal}}\approx \mu _{i0}+RT\ln(x_{i})...
between the solute and the solvent. An idealsolution has a null enthalpy of mixing. For a non-idealsolution, it is an excess molar quantity. Dissolution...
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particles is exact only for idealsolutions, which are solutions that exhibit thermodynamic properties analogous to those of an ideal gas, and is approximate...
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020M\times 1\times (-1)^{2}\}]\\&=0.17M\end{aligned}}} Because in non-idealsolutions volumes are no longer strictly additive it is often preferable to work...
assume if it obeyed the ideal gas equation at a pressure of 1 bar. For a gaseous or solid solute present in a diluted idealsolution, the standard state is...
{\displaystyle \mu _{\mathrm {B} }} , of a substance B in an ideal mixture of liquids or an idealsolution is given by μ B = μ B ⊖ + R T ln x B {\displaystyle...
the property in a real mixture and the value that would exist in an idealsolution under the same conditions. The most frequently used excess properties...
the solute concentration is sufficiently low that the solution can be treated as an idealsolution. The proportionality to concentration means that osmotic...
form a solution with another substance, the solvent. Insolubility is the opposite property, the inability of the solute to form such a solution. The extent...
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to operate in very shallow water, and the waterjet proved to be the idealsolution. The popularity of the jet unit and jetboat increased rapidly. It was...
options, including Ipurua in Eibar and Lezama outside Bilbao, was an idealsolution. On 17 June, the club reached an agreement with Athletic for the utilisation...
with the standard solutions used in analytical chemistry. STP is commonly used for calculations involving gases that approximate an ideal gas, whereas standard...
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