This article is about the arcitect. For the mythological character, see Ictinus (mythology).
Ictinus (/ɪkˈtaɪnəs/; Greek: Ἰκτῖνος, Iktinos) was an architect active in the mid 5th century BC.[1][2] Ancient sources identify Ictinus and Callicrates as co-architects of the Parthenon. He co-wrote a book on the project – which is now lost – in collaboration with Carpion.[3]
Pausanias identifies Ictinus as architect of the Temple of Apollo at Bassae.[3] That temple was Doric on the exterior, Ionic on the interior, and incorporated a Corinthian column, the earliest known, at the center rear of the cella. Sources also identify Ictinus as architect of the Telesterion at Eleusis, a gigantic hall used in the Eleusinian Mysteries.[4]
Pericles also commissioned Ictinus to design the Telesterion (Hall of mystery
) at Eleusis, but his involvement was terminated when Pericles fell from power. Three other architects took over instead.[3] It seems likely that Ictinus's reputation was harmed by his links with the fallen ruler, as he is singled out for condemnation by Aristophanes in his play The Birds, dated to around 414 BC. It depicts the royal kite or ictinus – a play on the architect's name – not as a noble bird of prey but as a scavenger stealing sacrifices from the gods and money from men. As no other classical author describes the bird in this fashion, Aristophanes likely intended it to be a dig at the architect.[5]
The artist Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres painted a scene showing Ictinus together with the lyric poet Pindar. The painting is known as Pindar and Ictinus and is exhibited at the National Gallery, London.
^Roth, Leland M. (1993). Understanding Architecture: Its Elements, History and Meaning (First ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. pp. 203. ISBN 0-06-430158-3.
^Winter, F. E. (1980). "Tradition and innovation in Doric design: the work of Iktinos". American Journal of Archaeology. 84 (4). American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 84, No. 4: 399–416. doi:10.2307/504069. JSTOR 504069. S2CID 192992538.
^ abcJohn Fleming; Hugh Honour; Nikolaus Pevsner (1999). The Penguin Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. Penguin. p. 277. ISBN 978-0-14-051323-3.
^Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ictinus" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 275.
^Bishop, C. (2017) 'The dissemblance of the constructed landscape in Ausonius' Mosella', Journal of the Australian Early Medieval Association, vol. 13, pp. 1-17
Ictinus (/ɪkˈtaɪnəs/; Greek: Ἰκτῖνος, Iktinos) was an architect active in the mid 5th century BC. Ancient sources identify Ictinus and Callicrates as co-architects...
ancient Greek architect active in the middle of the fifth century BC. He and Ictinus were architects of the Parthenon (Plutarch, Pericles, 13). An inscription...
Golden Age of Athens (460–430 BC). Phidias, an Athenian sculptor, and Ictinus and Callicrates, two famous architects, were responsible for the reconstruction...
Jalmenus ictinus, the Ictinus blue or stencilled hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Australia in the Australian Capital...
naming years. The Parthenon on the Acropolis at Athens is completed by Ictinus and Callicrates and is consecrated after 9 years of construction. It is...
and Homer (POESIS – poetry), Apelles and Raphael (painting), Solomon and Ictinus (architecture), and Phidias and Michelangelo (sculpture). Materials used...
Themistocles Pericles Phidias Ictinus Callicrates Mnesikles Xerxes I Mardonius Francesco Morosini Lord Elgin Giovanni Battista Lusieri Reverend Philip...
grave in order to avoid suffering rape at the hands of her own father Ictinus. Her blood transformed into a pomegranate tree. In the fifth century BC...
a masterpiece of classical architecture, built by architect Iktinoos (Ictinus) and sculptor Kallikratis (Callicrates) at the request of Pericles, at...
thrones filled by the creators of the Parthenon: sculptor Phidias, architect Ictinus, and painter Apelles, symbolizing the unity of these arts. To supply the...
of writers on temples: Silenus, Theodorus, Chersiphron and Metagenes, Ictinus and Carpion, Theodorus the Phocian, Hermogenes, Arcesius, Satyrus and a...
Themistocles Pericles Phidias Ictinus Callicrates Mnesikles Xerxes I Mardonius Francesco Morosini Lord Elgin Giovanni Battista Lusieri Reverend Philip...
Themistocles Pericles Phidias Ictinus Callicrates Mnesikles Xerxes I Mardonius Francesco Morosini Lord Elgin Giovanni Battista Lusieri Reverend Philip...
447–432 BC – Modern Parthenon in Athens built by Ictinus and Callicrates under the direction of the sculptor Phidias. About 430 BC – Temple of Apollo...
Epicurius c. 450 BC - 425 BC 14.6 m × 38.3 m (48 ft × 126 ft) The architect, Ictinus, introduced the use of all three orders within a single building and orientated...
legend, Gaius Servilius Ahala saves Rome from Spurius Maelius. 438 BC: Ictinus and Callicrates finish construction of the Parthenon, located on Athens'...
containing as many persons as a theatre. The building was initially designed by Ictinus, the architect of the Parthenon at Athens; but it was many years before...
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