Drawing of the fragmentary Fasti Antiates, a pre-Julian calendar showing Ianuarius (abbreviated IAN) at the top of the first column
This article is about the month of January in the ancient Roman calendar. For the month more generally, see January. For the Celtic goddess, see Ianuaria.
Ianuarius, Januarius, or January, fully Mensis Ianuarius ("month of Janus") and abbreviated Ian., was the first month of the ancient Roman calendar, from which the Julian and Gregorian month of January derived. It was followed by Februarius ("February"). In the calendars of the Roman Republic, Ianuarius had 29 days. Two days were added when the calendar was reformed under Julius Caesar in 45 BCE.
In the oldest Roman calendar, which the Romans believed to have been instituted by their legendary founder Romulus, the first month was Martius ("month of Mars", March), and the calendar year had only ten months. Ianuarius and Februarius were supposed to have been added by Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome, originally at the end of the year. It is unclear when the Romans reset the course of the year so that January and February came first.[1]Ianuarius is conventionally thought to have taken its name from Janus, the dual-faced god of beginnings, openings, passages, gates and doorways,[1] but according to ancient Roman farmers' almanacs Juno was the tutelary deity of the month.[2]: 51
^ abForsythe, Gary (2012). Time in Roman Religion: One Thousand Years of Religious History. Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-415-52217-5.
^Scullard, Howard Hayes (1981). Festivals and ceremonies of the Roman Republic. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-1402-2.
Ianuarius, Januarius, or January, fully Mensis Ianuarius ("month of Janus") and abbreviated Ian., was the first month of the ancient Roman calendar, from...
Festivals in ancient Rome were a very important part in Roman religious life during both the Republican and Imperial eras, and one of the primary features...
In modern Italian, z represents /ts/ or /dz/, whereas the reflexes of ianuarius and hodie are written with the letter g (representing /dʒ/ when before...
do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. January (in Latin, Ianuarius) is named after Janus, the god of beginnings and transitions in Roman...
Months (Roman) Lengths before 45 BC Lengths as of 45 BC Months (English) Ianuarius 29 31 January Februarius 28 (in common years) In intercalary years: 23...
February derived. It was eventually placed second in order, preceded by Ianuarius ("month of Janus", January) and followed by Martius ("month of Mars",...
Aprus. April was the second month of the earliest Roman calendar, before Ianuarius and Februarius were added by King Numa Pompilius about 700 BC. It became...
Januarius (/ˌdʒæn.juˈɛəriəs/ JAN-yoo-AIR-ee-əs; Latin: Ianuarius; Neapolitan and Italian: Gennaro), also known as Januarius I of Benevento, was Bishop...
depicted as having two faces. The month of January is named for Janus (Ianuarius). According to ancient Roman farmers' almanacs, Juno was mistaken as the...
with 61 days during winter not assigned to any month. The months of Ianuarius and Februarius were added to the calendar by Numa Pompilius in 700 BCE...
century, housing polychrome statues of the martyrs Gabinus, Protus and Ianuarius. The aisles led to the anti-crypt, in Renaissance style with statues of...
administrative officials' practices were examined, usually between January (Ianuarius) and April (Aprilis) in the Roman calendar.: 58 Evidence exists of more...
: 377–378 It is unclear when the Romans reset the course of the year so that Ianuarius ("January") and Februarius ("February") came first—thus moving Iunius...
15th-century Sa Vitta et sa Morte, et Passione de sanctu Gavinu, Brothu et Ianuariu, written by Antòni Canu (1400–1476) and published in 1557. Rimas Spirituales...
2nd year (leap) 3rd year (cmn.) 4th year (leap) 1. January I. Mensis Ianuarius Month of Janus 29 29 29 29 2. February II. Mensis Februarius Month of...
names and irregular numbers of days: January (31 days), from Latin mēnsis Iānuārius, "Month of Janus", the Roman god of gates, doorways, beginnings and endings...
Julius Caesar. The calendar of the Roman Empire began with the months Ianuarius (January), Februarius (February), and Martius (March). The common tradition...
No. Latin name English name Croatian name Croatian meaning 1 Ianuarius January siječanj from cutting or hewing wood but there are also dialectal terms...
Transliteration Latin name Egyptian pronunciation 1 January يَنايِر Yanāyir Ianuarius [jæ'næːjeɾ] 2 February فِبْرايِر Fibrāyir Februarius [febˈɾɑːjeɾ] 3 March...
street fair stretching for blocks. On 19 September 305, Gennaro (Latin: Ianuarius), bishop of Benevento, was beheaded in Pozzuoli during the persecution...
Victor 411 (Conference of Carthage) Ianuarius fl 411, Donatist bishop at the Council of Carthage (411). Ianuarius 425 Alfonso Niehues (Brazil) 3 August...
Numa Pompilius for devising a calendar of 12 months. The extra months Ianuarius and Februarius had been invented, supposedly by Numa Pompilius, as stop-gaps...
an abbreviation of its name. Still legible are the following: IAN for Ianuarius (January), FEB for Februarius (February), APR for Aprilis (April), IVN...
Quintus Maximianus or Maximus Telica or Tazelita another Rogatianus Rogatus Ianuarius Cassianus Victorianus Vincentius Caecilianus Restituta Prima Eva yet another...
suffran of Carthage. Only one bishop of the town is known, the Catholic Ianuarius, who took part in the Council of Carthage (411), which saw gathered together...
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