This article is about a calendar used for civil and liturgical purposes. For the day-number calendar used for astronomical and historical calculations, see Julian day. For day of year, see Ordinal date. For the terms 'Julian date' and 'Julian Period', see Julian day.
Calendar
Today
Gregorian
29 April 2024
Julian
16 April 2024
The Julian calendar is a solar calendar of 365 days in every year with an additional leap day every fourth year (without exception). The Julian calendar is still used as a religious calendar in parts of the Eastern Orthodox Church and in parts of Oriental Orthodoxy as well as by the Amazigh people (also known as the Berbers).[1]
The Julian calendar was proposed in 46 BC by (and takes its name from) Julius Caesar, as a reform of the earlier Roman calendar, which was largely a lunisolar one.[2] It took effect on 1 January 45 BC, by his edict. Caesar's calendar became the predominant calendar in the Roman Empire and subsequently most of the Western world for more than 1,600 years, until 1582 when Pope Gregory XIII promulgated a revised calendar.
The Julian calendar has two types of years: a normal year of 365 days and a leap year of 366 days. They follow a simple cycle of three normal years and one leap year, giving an average year that is 365.25 days long. That is more than the actual solar year value of approximately 365.2422 days (the current value, which varies), which means the Julian calendar gains one day every 129 years. In other words, the Julian calendar gains 3.1 days every 400 years.
Gregory's calendar reform modified the Julian rule, to reduce the average length of the calendar year from 365.25 days to 365.2425 days and thus corrected the Julian calendar's drift against the solar year: the Gregorian calendar gains just 0.1 day over 400 years. For any given event during the years from 1901 through 2099, its date according to the Julian calendar is 13 days behind its corresponding Gregorian date (for instance Julian 1 January falls on Gregorian 14 January). Most Catholic countries adopted the new calendar immediately; Protestant countries did so slowly in the course of the following two centuries or so; most Orthodox countries retain the Julian calendar for religious purposes but adopted the Gregorian as their civil calendar in the early part of the twentieth century.
^"Berbers mark New Year in Algeria, welcoming 2968". Daily Sabah. 12 January 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2019. The Berber calendar is an agrarian system, based around the seasons and agricultural work, that was inspired by the Julian calendar.
Juliancalendar is a solar calendar of 365 days in every year with an additional leap day every fourth year (without exception). The Juliancalendar is...
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date). The Julian period is a chronological interval of 7980 years; year 1 of the Julian Period was 4713 BC (−4712). The Juliancalendar year 2024 is...
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The proleptic Juliancalendar is produced by extending the Juliancalendar backwards to dates preceding AD 8 when the quadrennial leap year stabilized...
very similar predecessor, the Juliancalendar), the Islamic calendar, the Solar Hijri calendar and the Hebrew calendar year, week, and weekday – e.g....
Antiquity, the Hellenic calendars inspired the Roman calendar, including the solar Juliancalendar introduced in 45 BC. Many modern calendar proposals, including...
to correct an error in the Juliancalendar that was causing erroneous calculation of the date of Easter. The Juliancalendar had been based upon a year...
before and after a calendar change, respectively. Usually, they refer to the change from the Juliancalendar to the Gregorian calendar as enacted in various...
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28. The Gregorian calendar, the world's most widely used civil calendar, makes a further adjustment for the small error in the Julian algorithm. Each leap...
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official calendar (although initially, namely between 25 BC and AD 5, it was unsynchronised with the original implementation of the Juliancalendar which...
or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Juliancalendars. For the Gregorian...
the preceding Juliancalendar) to the date on which the pertinent nation adopted the Gregorian calendar and abandoned the Juliancalendar are sometimes...
whether one follows the JulianCalendar (sometimes referred to as the "Old Calendar") or the Revised JulianCalendar ("New Calendar"). All dates having to...
(JulianCalendar), the Armenian calendar was introduced. Year 1 of the Armenian calendar began on 11 July 552 of the Juliancalendar. The calendar was...
Christmas on December 25 of the older Juliancalendar, which currently corresponds to January 7 in the Gregorian calendar. For Christians, believing that God...
calendar, principal calendar used in Ethiopia and Eritrea (also known as the Ge'ez calendar or Eritrean calendar) Juliancalendar, calendar introduced by Julius...
positive numbers. Astronomers use the Juliancalendar for years before 1582, including the year 0, and the Gregorian calendar for years after 1582, as exemplified...
common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Juliancalendar. May 31 – Sigismund is crowned Holy Roman Emperor in Rome....
Calendar Man (Julian Gregory Day) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, as an enemy of the superhero Batman, belonging...
the civil authorities from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar. In religious sources it could be that the Juliancalendar was used for a longer period...
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