Hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD), related to earlier diagnoses such as hypermobility syndrome (HMS), and joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) is a heritable connective tissue disorder[3] that affects joints and ligaments. Different forms and sub-types have been distinguished, but it does not include asymptomatic joint hypermobility, sometimes known as double-jointedness.
Symptoms can include the inability to walk properly or for long distances, and pain in affected areas. Some people with HSD have hypersensitive nerves and a weaker immune system. It can also cause severe fatigue and some cases cause depressive episodes. It is somewhat similar to other genetic connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers–Danlos syndromes.
There is a strong association between HSD and neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and ASD (autism spectrum disorder).[4]
^"What Is HSD?". The Ehlers–Danlos Society. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
^Hakim, Alan. "Hypermobility Disorders- An Update for Clinicans". Hypermobility Syndromes Association. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
^"Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos syndrome | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
^Kindgren, Erik; Perez, Antonia Quiñones; Knez, Rajna (10 February 2021). "Prevalence of ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders or Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome: A Retrospective Study". Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 17: 379–388. doi:10.2147/NDT.S290494. PMC 7882457. PMID 33603376.
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