Figure 1: Setup of metal catalyst on a support, the support of which can absorb hydrogen atoms. The receptor represents other optional hydrogen deficient compounds, such as graphene in the context of metal catalysis.
In heterogeneous catalysis, hydrogen molecules can be adsorbed and dissociated by the metal catalyst. Hydrogen spillover is the migration of hydrogen atoms from the metal catalyst onto the nonmetal support or adsorbate.[1][2] Spillover, generally, is the transport of a species adsorbed or formed on a surface onto another surface.[3] Hydrogen spillover can be characterized by three major steps, the first being where molecular hydrogen is split via dissociative chemisorption into its constitutive atoms on a transition metal catalyst surface, followed by migration from the catalyst to the substrate, culminating in their diffusion throughout the substrate surfaces and/or in the bulk materials.[4]
^Karim, Waiz; Spreafico, Clelia; Kleibert, Armin; Gobrecht, Jens; VandeVondele, Joost; Ekinci, Yasin; van Bokhoven, Jeroen A. (2017). "Catalyst support effects on hydrogen spillover". Nature. 541 (7635): 68–71. Bibcode:2017Natur.541...68K. doi:10.1038/nature20782. PMID 28054605.
^Gardes, G. E. E., Pajonk, G. M., and S. J. Teichner (1974). “Catalytic Demonstration of Hydrogen Spillover from Nickel-Alumina Catalyst to Alumina.” J. Catal. 33, 145-148.
^R. Prins: Hydrogen Spillover. Facts and Fiction. In: Chemical Reviews. 112, 2012, S. 2714, doi:10.1021/cr200346z.
^Hansong Cheng, Liang Chen, Alan C. Cooper, Xianwei Sha, Guido P. Pez: Hydrogen spillover in the context of hydrogen storage using solid-state materials. In: Energy & Environmental Science. 1, 2008, S. 338, doi:10.1039/B807618A.
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adsorbates migrate to and from the support is called spillover. It is envisaged, for example, that hydrogen can "spill" onto oxidic support as hydroxy groups...
comparisons made using energy units: There are two different heat values for any hydrogen-containing fuel which can differ by several percent (see below). When comparing...
accuracy of the hypotheses. Experiments can be also designed to estimate spillover effects onto nearby untreated units. The term "experiment" usually implies...
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H. (26 March 2024). "Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics". Nature Communications. 15 (1): 2577. doi:10...
mining boom, causing deforestation and creating possibility to zoonotic spillover. To mitigate climate change and prevent epidemics some territories should...
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resulting in a novel H1N1 strain that caused the 2009 flu pandemic. Spillover events from humans to pigs, however, appear to be more common than from...
however, the neighboring non-carfree zones have had to deal with the spillover due to cars being unable to park in the carfree areas. This brings into...
prioritization of high-risk potential zoonotic viruses in animals prior to spillover to humans. They conclude that their tool could be used for virus surveillance...
sources that aren't as consistent as base load energy and a combined cycle hydrogen power plant could help renewables by capturing excess energy, with electrolysis...
Iranian missiles in addition to the stated goal of defending against spillover from the Syrian civil war. In order to accelerate the deployment of a...
increases significantly in the mitochondrial matrix which results in H2O2 spillover from the mitochondria. Reductive stress has even been suggested to lead...
to the brim with many attendees having paid well above face value and spillover fans without tickets remaining outside. Unlike the Halloween extravaganzas...
November 2011. Tuk, M. A.; Trampe, D.; Warlop, L. (2011). "Inhibitory Spillover: Increased Urination Urgency Facilitates Impulse Control in Unrelated...
developing countries. Leakage is a type of "spillover" effect of mitigation policies. Estimates of spillover effects are uncertain. If mitigation policies...
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