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For the place in Xi'an, Shaanxi formerly known as Huxian, see Huyi District. For the airport, see Huxian Airport.
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Húxiān (胡仙; 狐仙 "Fox Immortal"), also called Húshén (胡神; 狐神 "Fox God") or Húwáng (胡王; 狐王 "Fox Ruler")[1] is a deity in Chinese religion whose cult is present in provinces of north China (from Henan and Shandong northwards), but especially in northeast China where it can be said to be the most popular deity.[2]
The deity can be represented as either male or female, but is most frequently identified as the female Húxiān Niángniáng (狐仙娘娘 "Fox Immortal Lady") whose animal form is a nine-tailed fox.[3]
Mythology tells that fox spirits are masters of the arts of metamorphosis, and can manifest in human form to seduce men or women. In exchange, they convey wealth and property.[4] In mystical literature, influenced by Taoism, fox spirits are immortal or transcendent beings of a high level in the spiritual hierarchy of beings who engage in the pursuit of becoming immortals.[5]
The fox deity is also represented as a couple of gods, male and female, called the Great Lord of the Three Foxes (胡三太爷Húsān Tàiyé) and the Great Lady of the Three Foxes (胡三太奶Húsān Tàinǎi). As a goddess, the Fox Immortal is related to Xīwángmǔ (西王母 "Queen Mother of the West"), the great goddess guardian of Mount Kunlun (axis mundi).[6][7]
^Kang (2006), p. 50.
^Kang (2006), pp. 45–50.
^Kang (2006), pp. 199–200.
^Kang (2006), p. 44.
^Kang (2006), pp. 51–52.
^Kang (2006), pp. 22–23.
^Strassberg, Richard E. (2002). A Chinese Bestiary: Strange Creatures from the Guideways Through Mountains and Seas. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0520218442. pp. 88-89, 184.
Húxiān (胡仙; 狐仙 "Fox Immortal"), also called Húshén (胡神; 狐神 "Fox God") or Húwáng (胡王; 狐王 "Fox Ruler") is a deity in Chinese religion whose cult is present...
Huxian Airport is an airport located in Huyi District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China. During World War II, the airport was known as Huhsien (Yuehhsien)...
with different meanings, powers, characteristics, and shapes, including huxian (Chinese: 狐仙; lit. 'fox immortal'), hushen (狐神; 'fox god'), husheng (狐聖;...
Immortals have both male and female form, usually represented twosomes. Húxiān (狐仙=胡仙 "Fox Immortal"), also called Húshén (狐神=胡神 "Fox God") or Húwáng (狐王=胡王...