Costa Rica is a source, transit, and destination country for goods and products, a great location for trade in the seas. Costa Rica is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea making it a source of imports and exports.[1] Costa Rica is approximately 19,653 square miles of land, making it smaller than West Virginia.[2] To a lesser but increasing extent, Costa Rica is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to conditions of forced labor, particularly in the agriculture, construction, fishing, and domestic service sectors.[3] The economy greatly depends on the exportation of bananas and coffee, making high demands of agriculture work.[4] Costa Rican women and children are forced into commercial sexual exploitation due to high rates of poverty and violence. Women and girls from Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Colombia, and Panama have been identified in as victims of forced prostitution.[3] Child sex tourism is a serious problem, particularly in the provinces of Guanacaste, Limón, Puntarenas, and San José. Child sex tourists arrive mostly from the United States and Europe.[3] Young men from Nicaragua, Vietnam, China and other Asian countries are subjected to conditions of forced labor in Costa Rica.[5] Adults have been identified using trafficked women and children to transport and sell drugs.[6] Neighboring countries and cities are victims as well to forced labor many times trafficked to Costa Rica.[3]
Costa Rica is currently a Tier 2 watch list location according to the Trafficking In Persons Report.[6] The Government of Costa Rica does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so. During the past year, the Government of Costa Rica continued to raise public awareness about human trafficking and trained many government officials, investigated allegations, in addition to maintaining limited victim services.[6] However, the government’s law enforcement efforts lagged with respect to holding trafficking offenders accountable for their crimes and in adequately addressing domestic cases of human trafficking.[6] Recently insufficient funds were seen in distribution of government funded resources that help with trafficking.[6]
The U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons placed the country in "Tier 2" in 2017.[7] In 2018, Costa Rica was labeled as a Tier 2 country. A Tier 2 country does not meet the minimum standards required to ending trafficking, but are making efforts.[3]
^"Costa Rica History". CostaRica.org. 24 May 2017. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
^"About Costa Rica". essential Costa Rica. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
^ abcdeCite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Costa Rica history". costarica.org. 24 May 2017. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
^"Costa Rica". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ abcdeCite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Trafficking in Persons Report 2017: Tier Placements". www.state.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-06-28. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
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