1972–1989: 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th Central Committee
1954–1989: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th 7th National People's Congress
Other offices held
1978–1980: Head, Propaganda Department
1977–1978: Head, Organization Department
1964–1965: Party Committee Secretary, Shaanxi Province
1953–1978: First Secretary, Communist Youth League
Hu Yaobang
"Hu Yaobang" in Chinese characters
Chinese
胡耀邦
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Hú Yàobāng
Wade–Giles
Hu2 Yao4-pang1
IPA
[xǔ jâʊ.páŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Wùh Yiuh-bōng
Jyutping
Wu4 Jiu6-bong1
IPA
[wuː˩ jiːu˨ pɔːŋ˥]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ
Hô Iāu-pang
Hu Yaobang (Chinese: 胡耀邦; pinyin: Hú Yàobāng; 20 November 1915 – 15 April 1989) was a Chinese politician who was a high-ranking official of the People's Republic of China. He held the top office of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1981 to 1987, first as Chairman from 1981 to 1982, then as General Secretary from 1982 to 1987. After the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), Hu rose to prominence as a close ally of Deng Xiaoping, the paramount leader of China at the time.
Hu joined the CCP in the 1930s. During the Cultural Revolution, he was purged, recalled, and purged again by Mao Zedong. After Deng rose to power, following Mao's death, Hu played an important role in the Boluan Fanzheng program. Throughout the 1980s, he pursued a series of economic and political reforms under the supervision of Deng. Meanwhile, Hu's political and economic reforms also made him the enemy of several powerful Party elders, who opposed free-market and government reforms. When widespread student protests occurred across China in December 1986 and January 1987, Hu's political opponents blamed him for the disruptions and convinced Deng that Hu's tolerance of "bourgeois liberalization" had instigated the protests. Hu was forced to resign as General Secretary in early 1987, but allowed to retain his membership in the Politburo.
Hu's position as General Secretary was succeeded by his close ally Zhao Ziyang, who carried on many of Hu's economic and political reforms. A day after Hu's death in April 1989, a small-scale unofficial commemoration took place in Beijing, during which people demanded that the Chinese government reassess and recognize Hu's legacy; a week later, the day before Hu's funeral, some 100,000 students marched on Tiananmen Square, eventually leading to the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre in June. The Chinese government subsequently censored details of Hu's life, but in 2005 it officially rehabilitated his image and lifted its censorships, on the occasion of his 90th birth anniversary. Hu was buried in Gongqingcheng in Jiangxi.
HuYaobang (Chinese: 胡耀邦; pinyin: HúYàobāng; 20 November 1915 – 15 April 1989) was a Chinese politician who was a high-ranking official of the People's...
his rapid rise, including Song Ping, HuYaobang, Deng Xiaoping, and Jiang Zemin. During his term in office, Hu reintroduced state control in some sectors...
the death of pro-reform Chinese Communist Party (CCP) general secretary HuYaobang in April 1989 amid the backdrop of rapid economic development and social...
the future unification with Taiwan. During Deng's tenure, his protégés HuYaobang and Zhao Ziyang were head of the party and the government, but both were...
1980s. Many of these views were shared by the then General Secretary HuYaobang. His economic reform policies and sympathies with student demonstrators...
background who supported CCP general secretary HuYaobang: the term "Tuanpai" was originally used to criticise HuYaobang for over-reliance of cadres of Youth League...
subsequent arrest of the Gang of Four. With the help of allies such as HuYaobang, who later became the party's General Secretary, Deng was able to launch...
to the revived post of General Secretary. The party's last chairman, HuYaobang, transferred to the post of General Secretary. The chairman was elected...
struggle, and became China's paramount leader in 1978. Deng, alongside HuYaobang and Zhao Ziyang, spearheaded the "reform and opening-up" policies, and...
Committee. On 15 April 1989, after the death of former General Secretary HuYaobang, Beijing university students began to assemble in Tiananmen Square to...
criticize Hua, aiming to increase his own power. He was supported by HuYaobang, head of the CCP Organization Department starting from 1977, who criticized...
Fuqiang Hutong, successively home to two deposed leaders: Zhao Ziyang and HuYaobang A woman riding a battery car in an alley China portal Taiwan portal History...
strength. On March 3, 1977, HuYaobang, a collaborator of Deng, became the second vice-president of the Central Party School. Hu removed some radicals from...
to go into the countryside to farm a wilderness area near Poyang Lake. HuYaobang, as the leader of the Communist Youth League, made a special trip to the...
party conservatives reacted with fury at HuYaobang for his "weak" response to "bourgeois liberalism". HuYaobang was forced to resign on January 17 and...
(resigned February 1980), Chen Yun, HuYaobang, Zhao Ziyang (elected February 1980) 12th PSC (elected September 1982): HuYaobang (removed January 1987), Ye Jianying...
[citation needed] In 1985, for example, the CCP General Secretary was HuYaobang, the Chinese President was Li Xiannian and the Chinese Premier was Zhao...
gradually removed from Premier and Party chairman between 1980 and 1981; HuYaobang was removed in 1987; and, Zhao Ziyang was removed in 1989. Deng, the core...
his patronage of theorists such as Hu Qiaomu and Deng Liqun, and was instrumental in purging the liberals HuYaobang and Zhao Ziyang. He enthusiastically...
Third Plenum Speech on reform and opening-up, and a prominent ally of HuYaobang. As a result of Deng Liqun's interventions, while market forces were being...
mid-January before achieving any of its stated goals. The lack of response from HuYaobang, who was the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) at...
important high-ranking reformists who helped carry out the reforms include HuYaobang, then General Secretary of Chinese Communist Party, and Zhao Ziyang, then...
In May 1978, Deng seized the opportunity to elevate his protégé HuYaobang to power. Hu published an article in the Guangming Daily, making clever use...
increasingly promoted in the party and were opposed to the efforts of reformers HuYaobang and Zhao Ziyang to curb corruption and cronyism. Notable contemporary...
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