Temporal range: Middle Calymmian – Early Tonian 1500–900 Ma
Pha.
Proterozoic
Archean
Had.
Horodyskia moniliformis, "string-of-beads fossil" from the 1.4 Ga Appekunny Argillite of Glacier National Park, Montana[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Genus:
Horodyskia
Species
H. moniliformis Yochelson & Fedonkin, 2000
H. minor Dong, Xiao, Shen & Zhou, 2008
H. williamsii Grey, Yochelson, Fedonkin & Martin, 2010.
Horodyskia is a fossilised organism found in rocks dated from 1,500 million years ago to 900 million years ago. Its shape has been described as a "string of beads" connected by a very fine thread.[2] It is considered one of the oldest known eukaryotes.
Horodyskia apparently re-arranged itself into fewer but larger main masses as the sediment grew deeper round its base.[2]The bead structures of Horodyskia vary in shape.[1]
^ abRetallack, G.J.; Dunn, K.L. & Saxby, J. (2013). "Problematic Mesoproterozoic fossil Horodyskia from Glacier National Park, Montana, USA". Precambrian Research. 226: 125–142. Bibcode:2013PreR..226..125R. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2012.12.005.
^ abFedonkin, M.A. (March 2003). "The origin of the Metazoa in the light of the Proterozoic fossil record" (PDF). Paleontological Research. 7 (1): 9–41. doi:10.2517/prpsj.7.9. S2CID 55178329. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-05-18. Retrieved 2008-09-02.
Horodyskia is a fossilised organism found in rocks dated from 1,500 million years ago to 900 million years ago. Its shape has been described as a "string...
multicellular with differentiated cells. The "string of beads" organism Horodyskia, found in rocks dated from 1.5 Ga to 900 Ma, may have been an early metazoan;...
extend back into the Proterozoic in the form of 1500 million year old Horodyskia and 2200 million year old Diskagma. Discovery of these fossils suggest...
Block-formation of Ghats Province in India. First structurally complex eukaryotes (Horodyskia, colonial formamiferian?). c. 1,400 Ma – Ectasian Period starts. Platform...
formation of Ghats Province in India. First structurally complex eukaryotes (Horodyskia, colonial formamiferian). 1.4 Ga – 1.1 Ga Mesoproterozoic era Ectasian...
extend back into the Proterozoic in the form of 1500 million year old Horodyskia and 2200 million year old Diskagma. Discovery of these fossils suggest...
remains of the oldest metazoan (animal) on Earth known by the species name Horodyskia moniliformis. The Appekunny Formation is named after Apikuni Mountain...
estimates for eukaryotes of 1600 million years. Another similar fossil is Horodyskia. The size and hollow shape of Diskagma are similar to the living fungus...
multiple names: authors list (link) Cui Luo, Lanyun Miao (1 May 2020). "A Horodyskia-Nenoxites-dominated fossil assemblage from the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition...
segments, described on the basis of fossils formerly assigned to the genus Horodyskia. The type species is L. hunanensis. Megasphaerella Gen. et sp. nov Valid...
new fossil material of Horodyskia from the Tonian Shiwangzhuang and Jiuliqiao formations (China), and reconstruct Horodyskia as a colonial organism composed...
found in Montana, Idaho and southern British Columbia. Fossils called Horodyskia have also been found in both sites. Importantly, at more than 1 billion...
found, which shows the sheer scarcity of Atakia and any related genera (Horodyskia, Helanoichnus, Fusosquamula, Saarina, Ausia, etc). The paper by Yevheniia...
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