Global Information Lookup Global Information

Horizontal gene transfer information


"HGT" redirects here. For other uses, see HGT (disambiguation).
This article is about the natural process. For artificial gene transfer, see Gene delivery.
Tree of life showing vertical and horizontal gene transfers

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) or lateral gene transfer (LGT)[1][2][3] is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by the ("vertical") transmission of DNA from parent to offspring (reproduction).[4] HGT is an important factor in the evolution of many organisms.[5][6] HGT is influencing scientific understanding of higher-order evolution while more significantly shifting perspectives on bacterial evolution.[7]

Horizontal gene transfer is the primary mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria,[8][5][9][10] and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created pesticides[11] and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence.[12] It often involves temperate bacteriophages and plasmids.[13][14][15] Genes responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms of HGT such as transformation, transduction and conjugation, subsequently arming the antibiotic resistant genes' recipient against antibiotics. The rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes in this manner is becoming a challenge to manage in the field of medicine. Ecological factors may also play a role in the HGT of antibiotic resistant genes.[16]

Horizontal gene transfer is recognized as a pervasive evolutionary process that distributes genes between divergent prokaryotic lineages[17] and can also involve eukaryotes.[18][19] It is postulated that HGT promotes the maintenance of a universal life biochemistry and, subsequently, the universality of the genetic code.[20]

  1. ^ Ochman H, Lawrence JG, Groisman EA (May 2000). "Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation". Nature. 405 (6784): 299–304. Bibcode:2000Natur.405..299O. doi:10.1038/35012500. PMID 10830951. S2CID 85739173.
  2. ^ Dunning Hotopp JC (April 2011). "Horizontal gene transfer between bacteria and animals". Trends in Genetics. 27 (4): 157–63. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2011.01.005. PMC 3068243. PMID 21334091.
  3. ^ Robinson KM, Sieber KB, Dunning Hotopp JC (October 2013). "A review of bacteria-animal lateral gene transfer may inform our understanding of diseases like cancer". PLOS Genetics. 9 (10): e1003877. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003877. PMC 3798261. PMID 24146634.
  4. ^ Keeling PJ, Palmer JD (August 2008). "Horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotic evolution". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 9 (8): 605–18. doi:10.1038/nrg2386. PMID 18591983. S2CID 213613.
  5. ^ a b Gyles C, Boerlin P (March 2014). "Horizontally transferred genetic elements and their role in pathogenesis of bacterial disease". Veterinary Pathology. 51 (2): 328–40. doi:10.1177/0300985813511131. PMID 24318976. S2CID 206510894.
  6. ^ Vaux F, Trewick SA, Morgan-Richards M (2017). "Speciation through the looking-glass". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 120 (2): 480–488. doi:10.1111/bij.12872.
  7. ^ Ochman H, Lerat E, Daubin V (May 2005). "Examining bacterial species under the specter of gene transfer and exchange". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (Suppl 1): 6595–6599. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.6595O. doi:10.1073/pnas.0502035102. PMC 1131874. PMID 15851673.
  8. ^ Huddleston JR (2014). "Horizontal gene transfer in the human gastrointestinal tract: potential spread of antibiotic resistance genes". Infection and Drug Resistance. 7: 167–176. doi:10.2147/idr.s48820. PMC 4073975. PMID 25018641.
  9. ^ Koonin EV, Makarova KS, Aravind L (2001). "Horizontal gene transfer in prokaryotes: quantification and classification". Annual Review of Microbiology. 55 (1): 709–42. doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.709. PMC 4781227. PMID 11544372.
  10. ^ Nielsen KM (1998). "Barriers to horizontal gene transfer by natural transformation in soil bacteria". APMIS. 84 (S84): 77–84. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.1998.tb05653.x. PMID 9850687. S2CID 26490197.
  11. ^ McGowan C, Fulthorpe R, Wright A, Tiedje JM (October 1998). "Evidence for interspecies gene transfer in the evolution of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degraders". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 64 (10): 4089–92. Bibcode:1998ApEnM..64.4089M. doi:10.1128/AEM.64.10.4089-4092.1998. PMC 106609. PMID 9758850.
  12. ^ Keen EC (December 2012). "Paradigms of pathogenesis: targeting the mobile genetic elements of disease". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2: 161. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00161. PMC 3522046. PMID 23248780.
  13. ^ Naik GA, Bhat LN, Chpoade BA, Lynch JM (1994). "Transfer of broad-host-range antibiotic resistance plasmids in soil microcosms". Curr. Microbiol. 28 (4): 209–215. doi:10.1007/BF01575963. S2CID 21015053.
  14. ^ Varga M, Kuntová L, Pantůček R, Mašlaňová I, Růžičková V, Doškař J (July 2012). "Efficient transfer of antibiotic resistance plasmids by transduction within methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 clone". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 332 (2): 146–52. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02589.x. PMID 22553940.
  15. ^ Varga M, Pantu Ček R, Ru Žičková V, Doškař J (January 2016). "Molecular characterization of a new efficiently transducing bacteriophage identified in meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus". The Journal of General Virology. 97 (1): 258–268. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000329. PMID 26537974.
  16. ^ Cairns J, Ruokolainen L, Hultman J, Tamminen M, Virta M, Hiltunen T (2018-04-19). "Ecology determines how low antibiotic concentration impacts community composition and horizontal transfer of resistance genes". Communications Biology. 1 (1): 35. doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0041-7. PMC 6123812. PMID 30271921.
  17. ^ Zhou H, Beltrán JF, Brito IL (October 2021). "Functions predict horizontal gene transfer and the emergence of antibiotic resistance". Science Advances. 7 (43): eabj5056. Bibcode:2021SciA....7.5056Z. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abj5056. PMC 8535800. PMID 34678056.
  18. ^ Sieber KB, Bromley RE, Dunning Hotopp JC (September 2017). "Lateral gene transfer between prokaryotes and eukaryotes". Experimental Cell Research. 358 (2): 421–426. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.02.009. PMC 5550378. PMID 28189637.
  19. ^ Gabaldón T (October 2021). "Origin and Early Evolution of the Eukaryotic Cell". Annual Review of Microbiology. 75 (1): 631–647. doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-090817-062213. PMID 34343017. S2CID 236916203.
  20. ^ Kubyshkin V, Acevedo-Rocha CG, Budisa N (February 2018). "On universal coding events in protein biogenesis". Bio Systems. 164: 16–25. Bibcode:2018BiSys.164...16K. doi:10.1016/j.biosystems.2017.10.004. PMID 29030023.

and 27 Related for: Horizontal gene transfer information

Request time (Page generated in 0.8219 seconds.)

Horizontal gene transfer

Last Update:

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) or lateral gene transfer (LGT) is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by the ("vertical") transmission...

Word Count : 11833

Horizontal gene transfer in evolution

Last Update:

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genes between distant branches on the tree of life. In evolution, it can scramble the information...

Word Count : 2997

Gene flow

Last Update:

genetics, gene flow (also known as migration and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another. If the rate of gene flow...

Word Count : 4902

Inferring horizontal gene transfer

Last Update:

Horizontal or lateral gene transfer (HGT or LGT) is the transmission of portions of genomic DNA between organisms through a process decoupled from vertical...

Word Count : 8981

Gene cassette

Last Update:

DNA. Gene cassettes can move around within an organism's genome or be transferred to another organism in the environment via horizontal gene transfer. These...

Word Count : 1316

Bdelloidea

Last Update:

having been obtained through horizontal gene transfer from bacteria, fungi and plants. How and why horizontal gene transfer occur in bdelloids is under...

Word Count : 3123

Rafflesiaceae

Last Update:

the result of horizontal gene transfer. Especially high rates of HGT have been found to take place in Rafflesiaceae mitochondrial genes when compared...

Word Count : 1455

Bacterial genome

Last Update:

absence of gene transfer or gene duplication. Insertions caused by horizontal or lateral gene transfer and gene duplication tend to involve transfer of large...

Word Count : 4428

Orphan gene

Last Update:

the genome, and horizontal gene transfer, the acquisition of genetic material from another organism. Biologists believe orphan genes may play a crucial...

Word Count : 4629

Last universal common ancestor

Last Update:

near-universal gene distribution (as in Weiss et al. 2016). On the one hand, it risks misattributing convergence or horizontal gene transfer events to vertical...

Word Count : 6493

Gene transfer agent

Last Update:

Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are DNA-containing virus-like particles that are produced by some bacteria and archaea and mediate horizontal gene transfer...

Word Count : 2692

Biofilm

Last Update:

such as membrane vesicle transmission or gene transfer agents. Biofilms promote horizontal gene transfer in a variety of ways. Bacterial conjugation...

Word Count : 14130

Population genetics

Last Update:

the exchange of pollen. Gene transfer between species includes the formation of hybrid organisms and horizontal gene transfer. Population genetic models...

Word Count : 6975

Prokaryote

Last Update:

reproducing via binary fission without any fusion of gametes, although horizontal gene transfer may take place. Molecular studies have provided insight into the...

Word Count : 4769

Biotechnology risk

Last Update:

interactions with usual proteins could produce new allergies. Horizontal gene transfer is any process by which an organism acquires genetic material from...

Word Count : 2181

History of evolutionary thought

Last Update:

In addition, the newly recognized factors of symbiogenesis and horizontal gene transfer introduced yet more complexity into evolutionary theory. Discoveries...

Word Count : 16362

Boquila

Last Update:

Hypotheses about the mimicry mechanism include microbial mediated horizontal gene transfer, volatile organic compound sensing, and the use of eye-like structures...

Word Count : 2542

Natural competence

Last Update:

suggestion has also been made, noting the occasional advantage of horizontal gene transfer. Arguments to support genetic diversity as the primary evolutionary...

Word Count : 2641

Diatom

Last Update:

under-sequenced lineages such as red algae. In addition to EGT, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) can occur independently of an endosymbiotic event. The publication...

Word Count : 15271

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Last Update:

DNA fragment in a N. gonorrhoeae genome, the first example of horizontal gene transfer from humans to a bacterial pathogen. Symptoms of infection with...

Word Count : 4576

Elysia chlorotica

Last Update:

possess photosynthesis-supporting genes within its own nuclear genome, possibly acquired through horizontal gene transfer. Since chloroplast DNA alone encodes...

Word Count : 2187

Transfer DNA

Last Update:

bacterium as a source of carbon and energy. This natural process of horizontal gene transfer in plants is being utilized as a tool for fundamental and applied...

Word Count : 1837

Evolution of cells

Last Update:

evolution of cells and has had a continuous evolutionary history. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the movement of genetic information between different...

Word Count : 3184

Species

Last Update:

drift with varying selection pressures. Genes can sometimes be exchanged between species by horizontal gene transfer; new species can arise rapidly through...

Word Count : 10485

Cladistics

Last Update:

another level, one can map the horizontal gene transfer processes, by determining the phylogeny of the individual genes using cladistics. If there is unclarity...

Word Count : 5583

Computational phylogenetics

Last Update:

organisms can inherit genes in two ways: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer is the passage of genes from parent to offspring...

Word Count : 8072

Gene

Last Update:

significant fraction of taxonomically restricted gene families. Horizontal gene transfer refers to the transfer of genetic material through a mechanism other...

Word Count : 12720
PDF Search Engine © AllGlobal.net