This article is about the astronomical "horizon problem". For the problem relating to artificial intelligence, see Horizon effect.
When we look at the CMB it comes from 46 billion comoving light-years away. However, when the light was emitted the universe was much younger (300,000 years old). In that time light would have only reached as far as the smaller circles. The two points indicated on the diagram would not have been able to contact each other because their spheres of causality do not overlap.
The horizon problem (also known as the homogeneity problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. It arises due to the difficulty in explaining the observed homogeneity of causally disconnected regions of space in the absence of a mechanism that sets the same initial conditions everywhere. It was first pointed out by Wolfgang Rindler in 1956.[1]
The most commonly accepted solution is cosmic inflation. Different solutions propose a cyclic universe or a variable speed of light.
^Carrigan, Richard A.; Trower, W. Peter (1983). Magnetic Monopoles. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7370-8. ISBN 978-1-4615-7372-2.
The horizonproblem (also known as the homogeneity problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. It arises...
The horizon effect, also known as the horizonproblem, is a problem in artificial intelligence whereby, in many games, the number of possible states or...
The particle horizon (also called the cosmological horizon, the comoving horizon (in Scott Dodelson's text), or the cosmic light horizon) is the maximum...
of the problems in the Big Bang model have revealed new mysteries of their own. For example, the horizonproblem, the magnetic monopole problem, and the...
second after the Big Bang; along with the monopole problem and the horizonproblem, the flatness problem is one of the three primary motivations for inflationary...
the early 1980s after inflation theory emerged as a solution to the horizonproblem, which had arisen from advances in observations revealing the large-scale...
reported problems with the new software, and Fujitsu was aware that Horizon contained software bugs as early as 1999, the Post Office insisted that Horizon was...
nonlinear equation that arises in the context of infinite-horizon optimal control problems in continuous time or discrete time. A typical algebraic Riccati...
quantum-mechanical fluctuations, and thus ongoing in some extremely distant place? Horizonproblem: Why is the distant universe so homogeneous when the Big Bang theory...
Deepwater Horizon was an ultra-deepwater, dynamically positioned, semi-submersible offshore drilling rig owned by Transocean and operated by BP. On 20...
or future moves from the position. It mitigates the effect of the horizonproblem faced by AI engines for various games like chess and Go. Human players...
physics, a Cauchy horizon is a light-like boundary of the domain of validity of a Cauchy problem (a particular boundary value problem of the theory of...
In astrophysics, an event horizon is a boundary beyond which events cannot affect an observer. Wolfgang Rindler coined the term in the 1950s. In 1784...
assumption is what is known as infinite horizon). The LQR problem is stated as follows. Minimize the infinite horizon quadratic continuous-time cost functional...
only the first step of the trajectory is executed for an infinite-horizonproblem, then this is known as Model Predictive Control (MPC). Although the...
changes and one has to revisit many of the standard issues—e.g., the "horizonproblem"—from a new perspective. Since LQG is based on a specific quantum theory...
understand the dynamics of the early universe. He hoped to solve the horizonproblem in a natural way by showing that the early universe underwent an oscillatory...
cosmology changes, forcing one to revisit the standard issues—such as the horizonproblem—from a new perspective. Under this model, due to quantum geometry,...
of the Horizon software.: 12 Acting as a private prosecutor, the Post Office repeatedly failed to make full disclosure of known Horizonproblems either...
expansion of the early universe (inflation), helping to solve the horizonproblem and giving a hypothetical reason for the non-vanishing cosmological...
(2000-08-25). "Can geodesics in extra dimensions solve the cosmological horizonproblem?". Physical Review D. 62 (6): 063513. arXiv:hep-ph/9910235. Bibcode:2000PhRvD...
On April 20, 2010, an explosion and fire occurred on the Deepwater Horizon semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit, which was owned and operated...
realized that the accelerated expansion would also solve the horizonproblem and the flatness problem. Additionally, quantum fluctuations during inflation would...
Linde 2006 More precisely, these are the flatness problem, the horizonproblem, and the monopole problem; a pedagogical introduction can be found in Narlikar...
steady-state characterization of X (if it exists), relevant for the infinite-horizonproblem in which S goes to infinity, can be found by iterating the dynamic...
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (also referred to as the "BP oil spill") was an environmental disaster which began on 20 April 2010, off the coast of...
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