Honggaitou information

Honggaitou
Honggaitou
	A Chinese bride wearing honggaitou to cover her face and a red wedding cheongsam.
Chinese name
Chinese	红盖头
Literal meaning	Red cover head
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Hónggàitou
English name
English	Red veil

A honggaitou (Chinese: 红盖头; pinyin: hónggàitou), also shortened to gaitou (Chinese: 盖头; pinyin: gàitou; lit. 'head cover')^[1] and referred to as red veil in English,^[2]^: 37 is a traditional red-coloured bridal veil worn by the Han Chinese brides to cover their faces on their wedding ceremony before their wedding night.^[2]^: 37 The honggaitou is worn along with a red wedding dress.^[a]^[3]^: 560 Veils have been used in China since the Han dynasty.^[4]^: 202 The custom of wearing the honggaitou for wedding ceremonies can be traced back to the Song dynasty period.^[4]^: 202 The custom of wearing the honggaitou, along with the traditional red wedding dress, continues to be practiced in modern-day China. However, under the influence of Western culture and globalization, most Chinese brides nowadays wear white wedding dresses and a white veil, an imitation of Western Christian weddings,^[5] instead of the red wedding dresses and honggaitou.^[6]

^ Cohen, Myron L. (1998). "North China Rural Families. Changes during the Communist Era". Études chinoises. 17 (1): 59–154. doi:10.3406/etchi.1998.1267. ISSN 0755-5857.
^ ^a ^b Lu, Jie (2013). China's Literary and Cultural Scenes at the Turn of the 21st Century. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-96974-7. OCLC 870591843.
^ Perkins, Dorothy (2013). Encyclopedia of China : History and Culture. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 978-1-135-93562-7. OCLC 869091722.
^ ^a ^b Zhu, Ruixi; 朱瑞熙 (2016). Bangwei Zhang; Fusheng Liu; Chongbang Cai; Zengyu Wang; Peter Ditmanson; Bang Qian Zhu (eds.). A social history of middle-period China: the Song, Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties (Updated ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-16786-5. OCLC 953576345.
^ Cao, Nanlai (2011). Constructing China's Jerusalem : Christians, power, and place in contemporary Wenzhou. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-7642-4. OCLC 714569448.
^ Long, Yi (2019). "Cultural Differences between Chinese and American Weddings". Proceedings of the 2018 International Workshop on Education Reform and Social Sciences (ERSS 2018). Vol. 300. Atlantis Press. pp. 634–640. doi:10.2991/erss-18.2019.126. ISBN 978-94-6252-664-8. S2CID 166851183.

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[:6-1] Cohen, Myron L. (1998). "North China Rural Families. Changes during the Communist Era". Études chinoises. 17 (1): 59–154. doi:10.3406/etchi.1998.1267. ISSN 0755-5857.

[:0-2] Lu, Jie (2013). China's Literary and Cultural Scenes at the Turn of the 21st Century. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-96974-7. OCLC 870591843.

[:2-4] Perkins, Dorothy (2013). Encyclopedia of China : History and Culture. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 978-1-135-93562-7. OCLC 869091722.

[:3-5] Zhu, Ruixi; 朱瑞熙 (2016). Bangwei Zhang; Fusheng Liu; Chongbang Cai; Zengyu Wang; Peter Ditmanson; Bang Qian Zhu (eds.). A social history of middle-period China: the Song, Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties (Updated ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-16786-5. OCLC 953576345.

[:7-6] Cao, Nanlai (2011). Constructing China's Jerusalem : Christians, power, and place in contemporary Wenzhou. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-7642-4. OCLC 714569448.

[:5-7] Long, Yi (2019). "Cultural Differences between Chinese and American Weddings". Proceedings of the 2018 International Workshop on Education Reform and Social Sciences (ERSS 2018). Vol. 300. Atlantis Press. pp. 634–640. doi:10.2991/erss-18.2019.126. ISBN 978-94-6252-664-8. S2CID 166851183.

Honggaitou information

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