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Hole argument information


In general relativity, the hole argument is an apparent paradox that much troubled Albert Einstein while developing his famous field equations.

Some philosophers of physics take the argument to raise a problem for manifold substantialism, a doctrine that the manifold of events in spacetime is a "substance" which exists independently of the metric field defined on it or the matter within it. Other philosophers and physicists disagree with this interpretation, and view the argument as a confusion about gauge invariance and gauge fixing instead.[citation needed]

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Hole argument

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In general relativity, the hole argument is an apparent paradox that much troubled Albert Einstein while developing his famous field equations. Some philosophers...

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John Earman

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Archive. Earman has notably contributed to debate about the "hole argument". The hole argument was invented for different purposes by Albert Einstein late...

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Albert Einstein

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After more than two years of intensive work, Einstein realized that the hole argument was mistaken and abandoned the theory in November 1915. In 1917, Einstein...

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History of general relativity

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abandoned that approach, arguing that it is inconsistent based on the "hole argument". In 1914 and much of 1915, Einstein was trying to create field equations...

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Black hole

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A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light and other electromagnetic waves, is capable of possessing...

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Micro black hole

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holes would instantly evaporate, either totally or leaving only a very weakly interacting residue.[citation needed] Beside the theoretical arguments,...

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White hole

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matter. Hawking's semi-classical argument is reproduced in a quantum mechanical AdS/CFT treatment, where a black hole in anti-de Sitter space is described...

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Hawking radiation

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convinced him that rotating black holes ought to create and emit particles. Hawking would find aspects of both of these arguments true once he did the calculation...

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Existence of God

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black holes or supernovae, which could be seen as evidence against a benevolent creator. Furthermore, opponents argue that the anthropic argument is based...

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Kalam cosmological argument

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The Kalam cosmological argument is a modern formulation of the cosmological argument for the existence of God. It is named after the Kalam (medieval Islamic...

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Hole of Horcum

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of earth to throw at his wife during an argument. "Horcum, Hole of Horcum". "Urra". "Levisham Moor and the Hole of Horcum". North York Moors National Park...

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Black hole information paradox

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formation of the black hole. In addition, the argument for information loss relied on the causal structure of the black hole spacetime, which suggests...

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Pigeonhole principle

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to put them into. This seemingly obvious statement, a type of counting argument, can be used to demonstrate possibly unexpected results. For example, given...

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Denehole

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derived from the Anglo Saxon den, a hole or valley. The lack of evidence found in them has led to long arguments as to their function. The general outline...

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Philosophy of space and time

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powerful argument against spacetime substantivalism, offered by John Earman is known as the "hole argument". This is a technical mathematical argument but...

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Knowledge argument

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The knowledge argument (also known as Mary's Room or Mary the super-scientist) is a philosophical thought experiment proposed by Frank Jackson in his article...

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Scalar theories of gravitation

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general relativity. In 1913, Einstein (erroneously) concluded from his hole argument that general covariance was not viable. Inspired by Nordström's work...

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Erich Kretschmann

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contributions to the philosophical debate concerning Einstein's "hole argument." This argument initially had led Einstein in 1913 for a time to reject generally...

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Virtual black hole

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electron–positron pairs found in quantum electrodynamics. Theoretical arguments suggest that virtual black holes should have mass on the order of the Planck mass, lifetime...

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Peanut Hole

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declare the Peanut Hole to be part of Russia's continental shelf. In November 2013, a United Nations subcommittee accepted the Russian argument, and in March...

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Divje Babe flute

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a musical instrument. Much of this argument hinges on whether the notches at the ends are evidence of 4 or 5 holes in the prior intact flute. Turk (1997)...

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Gaia BH3

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stellar-mass black hole. Gaia BH3 is located 1926 light years away (590.6±5.8 pc away) in the constellation of Aquila. Gaia BH3 is the first black hole discovered...

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Canonical quantum gravity

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symmetries are diffeomorphisms as defined by a mathematician (see the Hole argument) – which are much more radical. The first class constraints of general...

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Devils Hole pupfish

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identified as having the greatest impact on Devils Hole. The basis for the argument was that when Devils Hole became part of a National Monument in 1952, sufficient...

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